PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Drowning is the cause of approximately 4,000 U.S. deaths each year and disproportionately affects some age, racial, and ethnic groups. Infrastructure disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic, including limited access to supervised swimming settings, might have affected drowning rates and risk. Data on factors that contribute to drowning risk are limited. To assess the potential impact of the pandemic on drowning death rates, pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic rates were compared.
UNASSIGNED: National Vital Statistics System data were used to compare unintentional drowning death rates in 2019 (pre-COVID-19 pandemic onset) with those in 2020, 2021, and 2022 (post-pandemic onset) by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. National probability-based online panel survey (National Center for Health Statistics Rapid Surveys System) data from October-November 2023 were used to describe adults\' self-reported swimming skill, swimming lesson participation, and exposure to recreational water.
UNASSIGNED: Unintentional drowning death rates were significantly higher during 2020, 2021, and 2022 compared with those in 2019. In all years, rates were highest among children aged 1-4 years; significant increases occurred in most age groups. The highest drowning rates were among non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native and non-Hispanic Black or African American persons. Approximately one half (54.7%) of U.S. adults reported never having taken a swimming lesson. Swimming skill and swimming lesson participation differed by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.
UNASSIGNED: Recent increases in drowning rates, including those among populations already at high risk, have increased the urgency of implementing prevention strategies. Basic swimming and water safety skills training can reduce the risk for drowning. Addressing social and structural barriers that limit access to this training might reduce drowning deaths and inequities. The U.S. National Water Safety Action Plan provides recommendations and tools for communities and organizations to enhance basic swimming and water safety skills training.
UNASSIGNED: National Vital Statistics System data were used to compare unintentional drowning death rates in 2019 (pre-COVID-19 pandemic onset) with those in 2020, 2021, and 2022 (post-pandemic onset) by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. National probability-based online panel survey (National Center for Health Statistics Rapid Surveys System) data from October-November 2023 were used to describe adults\' self-reported swimming skill, swimming lesson participation, and exposure to recreational water.
UNASSIGNED: Unintentional drowning death rates were significantly higher during 2020, 2021, and 2022 compared with those in 2019. In all years, rates were highest among children aged 1-4 years; significant increases occurred in most age groups. The highest drowning rates were among non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native and non-Hispanic Black or African American persons. Approximately one half (54.7%) of U.S. adults reported never having taken a swimming lesson. Swimming skill and swimming lesson participation differed by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.
UNASSIGNED: Recent increases in drowning rates, including those among populations already at high risk, have increased the urgency of implementing prevention strategies. Basic swimming and water safety skills training can reduce the risk for drowning. Addressing social and structural barriers that limit access to this training might reduce drowning deaths and inequities. The U.S. National Water Safety Action Plan provides recommendations and tools for communities and organizations to enhance basic swimming and water safety skills training.
摘要：
溺水是每年约4,000美国人死亡的原因，并且不成比例地影响某些年龄，种族,和种族群体。COVID-19大流行期间的基础设施中断，包括对监督游泳环境的有限访问，可能会影响溺水率和风险。有关导致溺水风险的因素的数据有限。为了评估大流行对溺水死亡率的潜在影响，比较了COVID-19流行前后的流行率。
■国家生命统计系统数据用于按年龄比较2019年（COVID-19大流行前）与2020年，2021年和2022年（大流行后）的意外溺水死亡率，性别,种族和民族。2023年10月至11月的国家基于概率的在线小组调查（国家卫生统计中心快速调查系统）数据用于描述成年人自我报告的游泳技能，游泳课的参与，和接触娱乐用水。
■与2019年相比，2020年，2021年和2022年的意外溺水死亡率明显更高。在所有的岁月里,1-4岁儿童的发病率最高;大多数年龄组的发病率显著增加.溺水率最高的是非西班牙裔美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民以及非西班牙裔黑人或非裔美国人。大约一半（54.7％）的美国成年人报告从未上过游泳课。游泳技能和游泳课的参与程度因年龄而异，性别,种族和民族。
■最近溺水率上升，包括那些已经处于高风险的人群，增加了实施预防战略的紧迫性。基本的游泳和水上安全技能培训可以降低溺水的风险。解决限制接受这种培训的社会和结构性障碍可能会减少溺水死亡和不平等现象。美国国家水安全行动计划为社区和组织提供了建议和工具，以加强基本的游泳和水安全技能培训。
■国家生命统计系统数据用于按年龄比较2019年（COVID-19大流行前）与2020年，2021年和2022年（大流行后）的意外溺水死亡率，性别,种族和民族。2023年10月至11月的国家基于概率的在线小组调查（国家卫生统计中心快速调查系统）数据用于描述成年人自我报告的游泳技能，游泳课的参与，和接触娱乐用水。
■与2019年相比，2020年，2021年和2022年的意外溺水死亡率明显更高。在所有的岁月里,1-4岁儿童的发病率最高;大多数年龄组的发病率显著增加.溺水率最高的是非西班牙裔美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民以及非西班牙裔黑人或非裔美国人。大约一半（54.7％）的美国成年人报告从未上过游泳课。游泳技能和游泳课的参与程度因年龄而异，性别,种族和民族。
■最近溺水率上升，包括那些已经处于高风险的人群，增加了实施预防战略的紧迫性。基本的游泳和水上安全技能培训可以降低溺水的风险。解决限制接受这种培训的社会和结构性障碍可能会减少溺水死亡和不平等现象。美国国家水安全行动计划为社区和组织提供了建议和工具，以加强基本的游泳和水安全技能培训。
