PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Being aware of the possibility of becoming pregnant shortly after childbirth before the resumption of the menstrual period is often overlooked but remains a significant contributor to unintended pregnancies and may lead to maternal and neonatal comorbidities. Exploring the extent of awareness and associated factors could help tailor more interventions toward reducing the rates of short-interval unplanned pregnancies.
This study explores the extent to which Ghanaian women are aware of the possibility of becoming pregnant shortly after childbirth before the resumption of the menstrual period and its associated factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey. The women participants were sampled using a two-stage cluster sampling design.
We analyzed the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey data of 8815 women who had given birth and received both antenatal care and postnatal checks after delivery in health facilities (private and public) and responded to questions on being aware of short interpregnancy intervals. A multivariable survey logistic regression was used for the analysis.
Of the 8815 women, approximately 62% of women who received both antenatal care and postnatal examinations before discharge reported being aware of short interpregnancy intervals. Postnatal examination before discharge but not antenatal care was associated with a higher awareness of short interpregnancy intervals. Women who received a postnatal examination were more aware of short interpregnancy intervals than their counterparts (adjusted odds ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.61). Also, awareness of short interpregnancy intervals increased with age, education, knowledge of the fertile period, contraceptive use, and delivery via cesarean section.
Over a decade following the initiation of Ghana\'s free maternal health policy, there remains a significant gap in the awareness of short interpregnancy intervals, even among women who received both antenatal pregnancy care and postnatal examinations before discharge. The unawareness of the short interpregnancy interval observed in approximately 38% of women raises concerns about the effectiveness of counseling or education provided during antenatal care and immediate post-partum care regarding birth spacing, contraceptive use, the timing of resumption of sexual activity, and the extent to which women adhere to such guidance.
A study found more women were unaware of pregnancy soon after birth before mensesUnplanned pregnancies may lead to worsened health conditions for mothers and newborn infants. One possible way this unplanned pregnancy could happen is through unknowingly becoming pregnant soon after birth before menstruation resumes. However, the more we know about pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumes, the better we can introduce measures to reduce it. This study examines how well Ghanaian women are aware of the possibility of becoming pregnant soon after birth before menstruation resumes and factors that may influence the awareness. This study analyzed 2017 data collected from women who received pre-delivery care and post-delivery checks before discharge from a health facility. The study findings revealed that 38% of the 8815 women who received both pre-delivery care and post-delivery checks were unaware of pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumed. Factors such as post-delivery checks, contraceptive use, delivery through cesarean section, women aged 30 years and over with secondary education and higher, and having knowledge of the periods more appropriate for a woman to be pregnant were more aware of pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumed. We proposed that effective counseling and adherence from women who are not planning to get pregnant soon after birth could help reduce the rate of pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumes. These unplanned pregnancies can also be avoided by educating women about birth spacing, contraceptive use, and the timing of resumption of sexual activity.
This study explores the extent to which Ghanaian women are aware of the possibility of becoming pregnant shortly after childbirth before the resumption of the menstrual period and its associated factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey. The women participants were sampled using a two-stage cluster sampling design.
We analyzed the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey data of 8815 women who had given birth and received both antenatal care and postnatal checks after delivery in health facilities (private and public) and responded to questions on being aware of short interpregnancy intervals. A multivariable survey logistic regression was used for the analysis.
Of the 8815 women, approximately 62% of women who received both antenatal care and postnatal examinations before discharge reported being aware of short interpregnancy intervals. Postnatal examination before discharge but not antenatal care was associated with a higher awareness of short interpregnancy intervals. Women who received a postnatal examination were more aware of short interpregnancy intervals than their counterparts (adjusted odds ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.61). Also, awareness of short interpregnancy intervals increased with age, education, knowledge of the fertile period, contraceptive use, and delivery via cesarean section.
Over a decade following the initiation of Ghana\'s free maternal health policy, there remains a significant gap in the awareness of short interpregnancy intervals, even among women who received both antenatal pregnancy care and postnatal examinations before discharge. The unawareness of the short interpregnancy interval observed in approximately 38% of women raises concerns about the effectiveness of counseling or education provided during antenatal care and immediate post-partum care regarding birth spacing, contraceptive use, the timing of resumption of sexual activity, and the extent to which women adhere to such guidance.
A study found more women were unaware of pregnancy soon after birth before mensesUnplanned pregnancies may lead to worsened health conditions for mothers and newborn infants. One possible way this unplanned pregnancy could happen is through unknowingly becoming pregnant soon after birth before menstruation resumes. However, the more we know about pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumes, the better we can introduce measures to reduce it. This study examines how well Ghanaian women are aware of the possibility of becoming pregnant soon after birth before menstruation resumes and factors that may influence the awareness. This study analyzed 2017 data collected from women who received pre-delivery care and post-delivery checks before discharge from a health facility. The study findings revealed that 38% of the 8815 women who received both pre-delivery care and post-delivery checks were unaware of pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumed. Factors such as post-delivery checks, contraceptive use, delivery through cesarean section, women aged 30 years and over with secondary education and higher, and having knowledge of the periods more appropriate for a woman to be pregnant were more aware of pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumed. We proposed that effective counseling and adherence from women who are not planning to get pregnant soon after birth could help reduce the rate of pregnancy soon after birth before menstruation resumes. These unplanned pregnancies can also be avoided by educating women about birth spacing, contraceptive use, and the timing of resumption of sexual activity.
摘要：
意识到在恢复月经期之前分娩后不久怀孕的可能性通常被忽视，但仍然是导致意外怀孕的重要原因，并可能导致孕产妇和新生儿合并症。探索意识的程度和相关因素可以帮助制定更多的干预措施，以降低短期计划外怀孕的发生率。
■这项研究探讨了加纳妇女在恢复月经期之前意识到分娩后不久怀孕的可能性的程度及其相关因素。
■使用2017年加纳孕产妇健康调查进行了一项横断面研究。女性参与者采用两阶段整群抽样设计进行抽样。
我们分析了2017年加纳孕产妇健康调查的8815名妇女的数据，这些妇女在医疗机构（私人和公共）分娩后接受了产前护理和产后检查，并回答了有关了解妊娠间隔时间短的问题。使用多变量调查逻辑回归进行分析。
■在8815名女性中，在出院前同时接受产前护理和产后检查的女性中,约有62%的女性报告知道妊娠间隔较短.出院前的产后检查而不是产前检查与对短妊娠间隔的更高认识相关。接受产后检查的女性比她们的女性更了解短的妊娠间隔（调整后的比值比=1.29，95％置信区间：1.03-1.61）。此外，随着年龄的增长，对短妊娠间隔的认识增加，教育,关于肥沃时期的知识，使用避孕药,和剖腹产。
■加纳实施免费孕产妇保健政策后的十年，在对短妊娠间隔的认识方面仍然存在很大差距，即使在出院前接受了产前妊娠护理和产后检查的妇女中也是如此。大约38％的妇女没有意识到怀孕间隔时间短，这引起了人们对在产前护理和产后即时护理期间提供的有关生育间隔的咨询或教育的有效性的关注。使用避孕药,恢复性行为的时机,以及妇女坚持这种指导的程度。
一项研究发现，更多的女性在出生后不久就没有意识到怀孕。意外怀孕可能导致母亲和新生儿的健康状况恶化。这种意外怀孕可能发生的一种可能方式是在月经恢复之前不知不觉地在出生后不久怀孕。然而,我们对月经恢复前出生后不久怀孕的了解越多，我们越能采取措施减少它。这项研究调查了加纳妇女在月经恢复之前出生后不久怀孕的可能性以及可能影响意识的因素。这项研究分析了2017年从医疗机构出院前接受产前护理和产后检查的女性收集的数据。研究结果显示，接受分娩前护理和分娩后检查的8815名妇女中有38％在月经恢复之前出生后不久就没有意识到怀孕。交货后检查等因素，使用避孕药,通过剖宫产分娩，30岁及以上受过中等教育的妇女，并且了解更适合女性怀孕的时期，在月经恢复之前出生后不久就更了解怀孕。我们建议，不打算在出生后不久怀孕的妇女的有效咨询和依从性可以帮助降低月经恢复前出生后不久的怀孕率。这些意外怀孕也可以通过教育妇女生育间隔来避免，使用避孕药,以及恢复性活动的时机。
■这项研究探讨了加纳妇女在恢复月经期之前意识到分娩后不久怀孕的可能性的程度及其相关因素。
■使用2017年加纳孕产妇健康调查进行了一项横断面研究。女性参与者采用两阶段整群抽样设计进行抽样。
我们分析了2017年加纳孕产妇健康调查的8815名妇女的数据，这些妇女在医疗机构（私人和公共）分娩后接受了产前护理和产后检查，并回答了有关了解妊娠间隔时间短的问题。使用多变量调查逻辑回归进行分析。
■在8815名女性中，在出院前同时接受产前护理和产后检查的女性中,约有62%的女性报告知道妊娠间隔较短.出院前的产后检查而不是产前检查与对短妊娠间隔的更高认识相关。接受产后检查的女性比她们的女性更了解短的妊娠间隔（调整后的比值比=1.29，95％置信区间：1.03-1.61）。此外，随着年龄的增长，对短妊娠间隔的认识增加，教育,关于肥沃时期的知识，使用避孕药,和剖腹产。
■加纳实施免费孕产妇保健政策后的十年，在对短妊娠间隔的认识方面仍然存在很大差距，即使在出院前接受了产前妊娠护理和产后检查的妇女中也是如此。大约38％的妇女没有意识到怀孕间隔时间短，这引起了人们对在产前护理和产后即时护理期间提供的有关生育间隔的咨询或教育的有效性的关注。使用避孕药,恢复性行为的时机,以及妇女坚持这种指导的程度。
一项研究发现，更多的女性在出生后不久就没有意识到怀孕。意外怀孕可能导致母亲和新生儿的健康状况恶化。这种意外怀孕可能发生的一种可能方式是在月经恢复之前不知不觉地在出生后不久怀孕。然而,我们对月经恢复前出生后不久怀孕的了解越多，我们越能采取措施减少它。这项研究调查了加纳妇女在月经恢复之前出生后不久怀孕的可能性以及可能影响意识的因素。这项研究分析了2017年从医疗机构出院前接受产前护理和产后检查的女性收集的数据。研究结果显示，接受分娩前护理和分娩后检查的8815名妇女中有38％在月经恢复之前出生后不久就没有意识到怀孕。交货后检查等因素，使用避孕药,通过剖宫产分娩，30岁及以上受过中等教育的妇女，并且了解更适合女性怀孕的时期，在月经恢复之前出生后不久就更了解怀孕。我们建议，不打算在出生后不久怀孕的妇女的有效咨询和依从性可以帮助降低月经恢复前出生后不久的怀孕率。这些意外怀孕也可以通过教育妇女生育间隔来避免，使用避孕药,以及恢复性活动的时机。
