Abstract：
Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS), Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID (LC) are similar multisymptom clinical syndromes but with difference in dominant symptoms in each individual. There is existing and emerging literature on possible functional alterations of the central nervous system in these conditions. This review aims to synthesise and appraise the literature on resting-state quantitative EEG (qEEG) in FMS, ME/CFS and LC, drawing on previous research on FMS and ME/CFS to help understand neuropathophysiology of the new condition LC. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINHAL, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases for articles published between December 1994 and September 2023 was performed. Out of the initial 2510 studies identified, 17 articles were retrieved that met all the predetermined selection criteria, particularly of assessing qEEG changes in one of the three conditions compared to healthy controls. All studies scored moderate to high quality on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. There was a general trend for decreased low-frequency EEG band activity (delta, theta, and alpha) and increased high-frequency EEG beta activity in FMS, differing to that found in ME/CFS. The limited LC studies included in this review focused mainly on cognitive impairments and showed mixed findings not consistent with patterns observed in FMS and ME/CFS. Our findings suggest different patterns of qEEG brainwave activity in FMS and ME/CFS. Further research is required to explore whether there are phenotypes within LC that have EEG signatures similar to FMS or ME/CFS. This could inform identification of reliable diagnostic markers and possible targets for neuromodulation therapies tailored to each clinical syndrome.
摘要：
纤维肌痛综合征（FMS），肌痛性脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征（ME/CFS）和长COVID（LC）是相似的多症状临床综合征，但每个个体的主要症状不同。在这些情况下，有关于中枢神经系统可能的功能改变的现有和新兴文献。这篇综述旨在综合和评估FMS中静息态定量EEG（qEEG）的文献，ME/CFS和LC，借鉴先前对FMS和ME/CFS的研究，以帮助了解新条件LC的神经病理生理学。系统搜索MEDLINE,Embase,CINHAL,对1994年12月至2023年9月之间发表的文章进行了PsycINFO和WebofScience数据库。在最初确定的2510项研究中，检索到17篇符合所有预定选择标准的文章，特别是评估与健康对照相比，三种情况之一的qEEG变化。所有研究在纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表上得分中等至高质量。低频EEG波段活动下降的总体趋势(delta，theta,和α)和FMS中高频EEGβ活性增加，与ME/CFS中发现的不同。本综述中包含的有限的LC研究主要集中在认知障碍上，并且显示出与FMS和ME/CFS中观察到的模式不一致的混合发现。我们的发现表明FMS和ME/CFS中qEEG脑电波活动的不同模式。需要进一步的研究来探索LC中是否存在具有类似于FMS或ME/CFS的EEG特征的表型。这可以为确定可靠的诊断标记和针对每种临床综合征定制的神经调节疗法的可能靶标提供信息。
