Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which complicates the functioning of multiple systems, including the autonomic nervous system (ANS), causing dysautonomia. Investigation of dysautonomia and its association with exposure to COVID-19 is limited in healthy people. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the relationship between ANS dysautonomia and coronavirus exposure and compare the ANS function between exposed and non-exposed to COVID-19.
METHODS: The study involved 141 participants, with a mean age of 18-24.5 years, 83% male (49.6% exposed to COVID-19). The ANS was measured using a composite autonomic symptom scale (COMPASS-31) questionnaire and heart rate variability (HRV) using photoplethysmography. Exposure to COVID-19 was investigated using two national health-status tracking and COVID-19 exposure applications, \"Sehhaty\" and \"Twakkalna\".
RESULTS: A significantly inverse weak correlation between COMPASS-31 scores and COVID-19 exposure (r=-0.2, p=0.04). No significant association was found between HRV and COVID-19 exposure. COMPASS-31 scores for the exposed group (median=15, n=70) were significantly higher than those for the non-exposed group (median=12, n=71), U=1,913.5, p=0.03. Height (r=-0.4, p=0.002) and gender (r=0.3, p=0.001) were moderately correlated with COMPASS-31 among the exposed group.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated that exposure to COVID-19 was associated with poorer ANS scores measured via COMPASS-31. Additionally, exposure to COVID-19 resulted in higher dysautonomia symptoms than non-exposed. Height and gender differences contribute to the severity of dysautonomia among exposed people.
METHODS: The study involved 141 participants, with a mean age of 18-24.5 years, 83% male (49.6% exposed to COVID-19). The ANS was measured using a composite autonomic symptom scale (COMPASS-31) questionnaire and heart rate variability (HRV) using photoplethysmography. Exposure to COVID-19 was investigated using two national health-status tracking and COVID-19 exposure applications, \"Sehhaty\" and \"Twakkalna\".
RESULTS: A significantly inverse weak correlation between COMPASS-31 scores and COVID-19 exposure (r=-0.2, p=0.04). No significant association was found between HRV and COVID-19 exposure. COMPASS-31 scores for the exposed group (median=15, n=70) were significantly higher than those for the non-exposed group (median=12, n=71), U=1,913.5, p=0.03. Height (r=-0.4, p=0.002) and gender (r=0.3, p=0.001) were moderately correlated with COMPASS-31 among the exposed group.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated that exposure to COVID-19 was associated with poorer ANS scores measured via COMPASS-31. Additionally, exposure to COVID-19 resulted in higher dysautonomia symptoms than non-exposed. Height and gender differences contribute to the severity of dysautonomia among exposed people.
摘要：
目的：冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是由SARS-CoV-2引起的呼吸系统疾病，使多个系统的功能复杂化，包括自主神经系统（ANS），导致自主神经失调.在健康人中，自主神经失调及其与COVID-19接触的关系的调查有限。因此,该研究旨在调查ANS自主神经失调与冠状病毒暴露之间的关系，并比较暴露于和未暴露于COVID-19的ANS功能。
方法：该研究涉及141名参与者，平均年龄18-24.5岁，83%的男性（49.6%暴露于COVID-19）。使用复合自主症状量表（COMPASS-31）问卷和使用光电体积描记术测量心率变异性（HRV）。使用两个国家健康状况跟踪和COVID-19暴露应用程序对COVID-19暴露进行了调查，\"Sehhaty\"和\"Twakkalna\"。
结果：COMPASS-31评分与COVID-19暴露之间呈显著的弱负相关（r=-0.2，p=0.04）。HRV与COVID-19暴露之间没有显着关联。暴露组（中位数=15，n=70）的COMPASS-31得分明显高于非暴露组（中位数=12，n=71），U=1,913.5,p=0.03。在暴露组中，身高（r=-0.4，p=0.002）和性别（r=0.3，p=0.001）与COMPASS-31中度相关。
结论：这些结果表明，暴露于COVID-19与通过COMPASS-31测得的较差ANS评分相关。此外,与未接触的人相比，暴露于COVID-19会导致更高的自主神经障碍症状。身高和性别差异导致暴露人群自主神经障碍的严重程度。
方法：该研究涉及141名参与者，平均年龄18-24.5岁，83%的男性（49.6%暴露于COVID-19）。使用复合自主症状量表（COMPASS-31）问卷和使用光电体积描记术测量心率变异性（HRV）。使用两个国家健康状况跟踪和COVID-19暴露应用程序对COVID-19暴露进行了调查，\"Sehhaty\"和\"Twakkalna\"。
结果：COMPASS-31评分与COVID-19暴露之间呈显著的弱负相关（r=-0.2，p=0.04）。HRV与COVID-19暴露之间没有显着关联。暴露组（中位数=15，n=70）的COMPASS-31得分明显高于非暴露组（中位数=12，n=71），U=1,913.5,p=0.03。在暴露组中，身高（r=-0.4，p=0.002）和性别（r=0.3，p=0.001）与COMPASS-31中度相关。
结论：这些结果表明，暴露于COVID-19与通过COMPASS-31测得的较差ANS评分相关。此外,与未接触的人相比，暴露于COVID-19会导致更高的自主神经障碍症状。身高和性别差异导致暴露人群自主神经障碍的严重程度。
