PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This observational pilot study examined the association between diet, meal pattern and glucose over a 2-week period under free-living conditions in 26 adults with dysglycemia (D-GLYC) and 14 with normoglycemia (N-GLYC). We hypothesized that a prolonged eating window and late eating occasions (EOs), along with a higher dietary carbohydrate intake, would result in higher glucose levels and glucose variability (GV). General linear models were run with meal timing with time-stamped photographs in real time, and diet composition by dietary recalls, and their variability (SD), as predictors and glucose variables (mean glucose, mean amplitude of glucose excursions [MAGE], largest amplitude of glucose excursions [LAGE] and GV) as dependent variables. After adjusting for calories and nutrients, a later eating midpoint predicted a lower GV (β = -2.3, SE = 1.0, p = 0.03) in D-GLYC, while a later last EO predicted a higher GV (β = 1.5, SE = 0.6, p = 0.04) in N-GLYC. A higher carbohydrate intake predicted a higher MAGE (β = 0.9, SE = 0.4, p = 0.02) and GV (β = 0.4, SE = 0.2, p = 0.04) in N-GLYC, but not D-GLYC. In summary, our data suggest that meal patterns interact with dietary composition and should be evaluated as potential modifiable determinants of glucose in adults with and without dysglycemia. Future research should evaluate causality with controlled diets.
摘要：
这项观察性试点研究检查了饮食之间的关联，在自由生活条件下，26名血糖异常（D-GLYC）和14名血糖正常（N-GLYC）的成年人在2周的膳食模式和葡萄糖。我们假设长时间的进食窗口和迟到的进食场合(EO)，随着较高的膳食碳水化合物摄入量，将导致更高的葡萄糖水平和葡萄糖变异性(GV)。一般的线性模型是根据用餐时间和带有时间戳的照片实时运行的，和饮食组成通过饮食回忆，以及它们的变异性(SD)，作为预测因子和葡萄糖变量(平均葡萄糖，葡萄糖偏移的平均幅度[MAGE]，葡萄糖偏移的最大振幅[LAGE]和GV)作为因变量。在调整了卡路里和营养后，后期进食中点预测D-GLYC的GV较低(β=-2.3，SE=1.0，p=0.03)，而后来的EO预测N-GLYC的GV更高(β=1.5，SE=0.6，p=0.04)。较高的碳水化合物摄入量预测N-GLYC中的MAGE（β=0.9，SE=0.4，p=0.02）和GV（β=0.4，SE=0.2，p=0.04）较高，但不是D-GLYC.总之,我们的数据表明,膳食模式与膳食组成相互作用,在有和没有血糖异常的成年人中,应将其作为潜在的可改变的葡萄糖决定因素进行评估.未来的研究应该评估控制饮食的因果关系。
