PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Current research suggests that energy transfer through human milk influences infant nutritional development and initiates metabolic programming, influencing eating patterns into adulthood. To date, this research has predominantly been conducted among women in high income settings and/or among undernourished women. We will investigate the relationship between maternal body composition, metabolic hormones in human milk, and infant satiety to explore mechanisms of developmental satiety programming and implications for early infant growth and body composition in Samoans; a population at high risk and prevalence for overweight and obesity. Our aims are (1) to examine how maternal body composition influences metabolic hormone transfer from mother to infant through human milk, and (2) to examine the influences of maternal metabolic hormone transfer and infant feeding patterns on early infant growth and satiety.
METHODS: We will examine temporal changes in hormone transfers to infants through human milk in a prospective longitudinal cohort of n = 80 Samoan mother-infant dyads. Data will be collected at three time points (1, 3, & 4 months postpartum). At each study visit we will collect human milk and fingerpick blood samples from breastfeeding mother-infant dyads to measure the hormones leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin. Additionally, we will obtain body composition measurements from the dyad, observe breastfeeding behavior, conduct semi-structured interviews, and use questionnaires to document infant hunger and feeding cues and satiety responsiveness. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses will be conducted to address each aim.
CONCLUSIONS: This research is designed to advance our understanding of variation in the developmental programming of satiety and implications for early infant growth and body composition. The use of a prospective longitudinal cohort alongside data collection that utilizes a mixed methods approach will allow us to capture a more accurate representation on both biological and cultural variables at play in a population at high risk of overweight and obesity.
METHODS: We will examine temporal changes in hormone transfers to infants through human milk in a prospective longitudinal cohort of n = 80 Samoan mother-infant dyads. Data will be collected at three time points (1, 3, & 4 months postpartum). At each study visit we will collect human milk and fingerpick blood samples from breastfeeding mother-infant dyads to measure the hormones leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin. Additionally, we will obtain body composition measurements from the dyad, observe breastfeeding behavior, conduct semi-structured interviews, and use questionnaires to document infant hunger and feeding cues and satiety responsiveness. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses will be conducted to address each aim.
CONCLUSIONS: This research is designed to advance our understanding of variation in the developmental programming of satiety and implications for early infant growth and body composition. The use of a prospective longitudinal cohort alongside data collection that utilizes a mixed methods approach will allow us to capture a more accurate representation on both biological and cultural variables at play in a population at high risk of overweight and obesity.
摘要：
背景：目前的研究表明，通过人乳的能量转移会影响婴儿的营养发育并启动代谢程序，影响成年后的饮食模式。迄今为止,这项研究主要在高收入地区的妇女和/或营养不良妇女中进行.我们将调查母亲身体成分之间的关系，母乳中的代谢激素，和婴儿饱腹感，以探索发育饱腹感编程的机制以及对萨摩亚人早期婴儿生长和身体组成的影响；超重和肥胖的高危人群。我们的目标是（1）检查母体身体成分如何影响通过母乳从母体到婴儿的代谢激素转移，（2）研究母体代谢激素转移和婴儿喂养方式对婴儿早期生长和饱腹感的影响。
方法：我们将在n=80个萨摩亚母婴二元组的前瞻性纵向队列中研究通过母乳向婴儿传递激素的时间变化。将在三个时间点(产后1、3和4个月)收集数据。在每次研究访问中，我们将从母乳喂养的母婴二元组中收集人乳和手指采血样本，以测量激素瘦素，ghrelin,和脂联素。此外,我们将从二元组获得身体成分测量值，观察母乳喂养行为，进行半结构化面试,并使用问卷记录婴儿的饥饿和喂养线索以及饱腹感反应。描述性统计，将进行单变量和多变量分析以解决每个目标。
结论：这项研究旨在促进我们对饱腹感发育程序变化的理解以及对婴儿早期生长和身体组成的影响。使用前瞻性纵向队列以及使用混合方法方法的数据收集将使我们能够在超重和肥胖高风险人群中更准确地反映生物学和文化变量。
方法：我们将在n=80个萨摩亚母婴二元组的前瞻性纵向队列中研究通过母乳向婴儿传递激素的时间变化。将在三个时间点(产后1、3和4个月)收集数据。在每次研究访问中，我们将从母乳喂养的母婴二元组中收集人乳和手指采血样本，以测量激素瘦素，ghrelin,和脂联素。此外,我们将从二元组获得身体成分测量值，观察母乳喂养行为，进行半结构化面试,并使用问卷记录婴儿的饥饿和喂养线索以及饱腹感反应。描述性统计，将进行单变量和多变量分析以解决每个目标。
结论：这项研究旨在促进我们对饱腹感发育程序变化的理解以及对婴儿早期生长和身体组成的影响。使用前瞻性纵向队列以及使用混合方法方法的数据收集将使我们能够在超重和肥胖高风险人群中更准确地反映生物学和文化变量。
