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Abstract：
Regional population mortality correlates with regional socioeconomic development. This study aimed to identify the key socioeconomic factors influencing mortality patterns in Chinese provinces. Using data from the Seventh Population Census, we analyzed mortality patterns by gender and urban‒rural division in 31 provinces. Using a functional regression model, we assessed the influence of fourteen indicators on mortality patterns. Main findings: (1) China shows notable gender and urban‒rural mortality variations across age groups. Males generally have higher mortality than females, and rural areas experience elevated mortality rates compared to urban areas. Mortality in individuals younger than 40 years is influenced mainly by urban‒rural factors, with gender becoming more noticeable in the 40-84 age group. (2) The substantial marginal impact of socioeconomic factors on mortality patterns generally becomes evident after the age of 45, with less pronounced differences in their impact on early-life mortality patterns. (3) Various factors have age-specific impacts on mortality. Education has a negative effect on mortality in individuals aged 0-29, extending to those aged 30-59 and diminishing in older age groups. Urbanization positively influences the probability of death in individuals aged 45-54 years, while the impact of traffic accidents increases with age. Among elderly people, the effect of socioeconomic variables is smaller, highlighting the intricate and heterogeneous nature of these influences and acknowledging certain limitations.
摘要：
区域人口死亡率与区域社会经济发展相关。本研究旨在确定影响中国各省死亡模式的关键社会经济因素。利用第七次人口普查的数据，我们分析了31个省按性别和城乡划分的死亡率模式。使用函数回归模型，我们评估了14项指标对死亡率模式的影响.主要发现：（1）中国显示出不同年龄段的性别和城乡死亡率差异。男性的死亡率通常高于女性，与城市地区相比，农村地区的死亡率更高。40岁以下个体的死亡率主要受城乡因素的影响，在40-84岁年龄段，性别变得更加明显。（2）社会经济因素对死亡率模式的实质性边际影响一般在45岁以后变得明显，其对早年死亡率模式的影响差异不那么明显。(3)各种因素对死亡率有不同年龄的影响。教育对0-29岁的人的死亡率有负面影响，延伸到30-59岁的人，在老年群体中下降。城市化对45-54岁个体的死亡概率有积极影响，而交通事故的影响随着年龄的增长而增加。在老年人中，社会经济变量的影响较小，强调这些影响的复杂性和异质性，并承认某些局限性。
