Abstract：
This article explores the multifaceted landscape of oral cancer precursor syndromes. Hereditary disorders like dyskeratosis congenita and Fanconi anemia increase the risk of malignancy. Oral potentially malignant disorders, notably leukoplakia, are discussed as precursors influenced by genetic and immunologic facets. Molecular insights delve into genetic mutations, allelic imbalances, and immune modulation as key players in precancerous progression, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. The article navigates the controversial terrain of management strategies of leukoplakia, encompassing surgical resection, chemoprevention, and immune modulation, while emphasizing the ongoing challenges in developing effective, evidence-based preventive approaches.
摘要：
本文探讨了口腔癌前体综合征的多方面景观。遗传性疾病如先天性角化障碍和范可尼贫血会增加恶性肿瘤的风险。口腔潜在恶性疾病，尤其是白斑,被讨论为受遗传和免疫方面影响的前体。分子洞察力深入研究基因突变，等位基因失衡，和免疫调节是癌前进展的关键角色，提示潜在的治疗靶点。本文导航有争议的地形白斑的管理策略，包括手术切除，化学预防，和免疫调节，在强调有效发展的持续挑战的同时，基于证据的预防方法。
