Abstract：
We ubiquitously seek information to make better decisions. Particularly in the modern age, when more information is available at our fingertips than ever, the information we choose to collect determines the quality of our decisions. Decision neuroscience has long adopted empirical approaches where the information available to decision-makers is fully controlled by the researchers, leaving neural mechanisms of information seeking less understood. Although information seeking has long been studied in the context of the exploration-exploitation trade-off, recent studies have widened the scope to investigate more overt information seeking in a way distinct from other decision processes. Insights gained from these studies, accumulated over the last few years, raise the possibility that information seeking is driven by the reward system signaling the subjective value of information. In this piece, we review findings from the recent studies, highlighting the conceptual and empirical relationships between distinct literatures, and discuss future research directions necessary to establish a more comprehensive understanding of how individuals seek information as a part of value-based decision-making.
摘要：
我们无时无刻不在寻求信息以做出更好的决策。尤其是在现代，当更多的信息在我们的指尖比以往任何时候，我们选择收集的信息决定了我们决策的质量。决策神经科学长期以来一直采用经验方法，决策者可以获得的信息完全由研究人员控制，让信息寻求的神经机制不太被理解。尽管长期以来一直在勘探-开发权衡的背景下研究信息寻求，最近的研究扩大了研究范围，以不同于其他决策过程的方式寻求更多公开的信息。从这些研究中获得的见解，过去几年积累的，提高了信息寻求是由奖励系统驱动的可能性，这表明了信息的主观价值。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了最近的研究结果，突出不同文献之间的概念和经验关系，并讨论未来必要的研究方向，以建立对个人如何寻求信息作为基于价值的决策的一部分的更全面的理解。
