Abstract：
Exploring high strength materials with a higher concentration of reinforcements in the alloy proves to be a challenging task. This research has explored magnesium-based composites (AZ31B alloy) with tungsten carbide reinforcements, enhancing strength for medical joint replacements via league championship optimisation. The primary objective is to enhance medical joint replacement biomaterials employing magnesium-based composites, emphasising the AZ31B alloy with tungsten carbide reinforcements. The stir casting method is utilised in the manufacture of magnesium matrix composites (MMCs), including varied percentages of tungsten carbide (WC). The mechanical characteristics, such as micro-hardness, tensile strength, and yield strength, have been assessed and compared with computational simulations. The wear studies have been carried out to analyse the tribological behaviour of the composites. Additionally, this study investigates the prediction of stress and the distribution of forces inside bone and joint structures, therefore offering significant contributions to the field of biomedical research. This research contemplates the use of magnesium-based MMCs for the discovery of biomaterials suitable for medical joint replacement. The study focuses on the magnesium alloy AZ31B, with particles ranging in size from 40 to 60 microns used as the matrix material. Moreover, the outcomes have revealed that when combined with MMCs based on AZ31B-magnesium matrix, the WC particle emerges as highly effective reinforcements for the fabrication of lightweight, high-strength biomedical composites. This study uses the league championship optimisation (LCO) approach to identify critical variables impacting the synthesis of Mg MMCs from an AZ31B-based magnesium alloy. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images are meticulously analysed to depict the dispersion of WC particulates and the interface among the magnesium (Mg) matrix and WC reinforcement. The SEM analysis has explored the mechanisms underlying particle pull-out, the characteristics of inter-particle zones, and the influence of the AZ31B matrix on the enhancement of the mechanical characteristics of the composites. The application of finite element analysis (FEA) is being used in order to make predictions regarding the distribution of stress and the interactions of forces within the model of the hip joint. This study has compared the physico-mechanical and tribological characteristics of WC to distinct combinations of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, and its impact on the performance improvements. SEM analysis has confirmed the findings\' improved strength and hardness, particularly when 10%-15% of WC was incorporated. Following the incorporation of 10% of WC particles within Mg-alloy matrix, the outcomes of the study has exhibited enhanced strength and hardness, which furthermore has been evident by utilising SEM analysis. Using ANSYS, structural deformation and stress levels are predicted, along with strength characteristics such as additional hardness of 71 HRC, tensile strength of 140-150 MPa, and yield strength closer to 100-110 MPa. The simulations yield significant insights into the behaviour of the joint under various loading conditions, thus enhancing the study\'s significance in biomedical environments.
摘要：
探索合金中增强物浓度较高的高强度材料被证明是一项具有挑战性的任务。这项研究探索了具有碳化钨增强剂的镁基复合材料（AZ31B合金），通过联赛冠军优化来增强医疗关节置换的实力。主要目标是使用镁基复合材料增强医疗关节置换生物材料，强调含碳化钨增强剂的AZ31B合金。搅拌铸造方法用于制造镁基复合材料（MMC），包括不同百分比的碳化钨（WC）。机械特性,如显微硬度，抗拉强度,和屈服强度，已经进行了评估，并与计算模拟进行了比较。已经进行了磨损研究以分析复合材料的摩擦学行为。此外,这项研究调查了骨和关节结构内部的应力和力分布的预测，因此，为生物医学研究领域做出了重大贡献。这项研究考虑使用镁基MMC来发现适用于医疗关节置换的生物材料。研究重点是镁合金AZ31B,颗粒的大小范围从40到60微米用作基质材料。此外，结果表明，当与基于AZ31B-镁基质的MMC结合使用时，WC颗粒成为轻质制造的高效增强材料，高强度生物医学复合材料。本研究使用联赛冠军优化（LCO）方法来确定影响AZ31B基镁合金MgMMCs合成的关键变量。仔细分析了扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像，以描绘WC颗粒的分散以及镁（Mg）基体和WC增强体之间的界面。SEM分析探索了粒子拔出的潜在机制，粒子间区域的特征，和AZ31B基体对增强复合材料力学特性的影响。正在使用有限元分析（FEA）的应用来预测髋关节模型中的应力分布和力的相互作用。这项研究比较了WC的物理力学和摩擦学特征与0%的不同组合，5%,10%和15%,及其对性能改进的影响。SEM分析证实了这一发现，提高了强度和硬度，特别是当加入10%-15%的WC时。在镁合金基体中掺入10%的WC颗粒后，研究结果表明，强度和硬度都有所提高，此外，通过利用SEM分析已经很明显。使用ANSYS,预测结构变形和应力水平，连同强度特性，如71HRC的附加硬度，拉伸强度为140-150MPa，和屈服强度接近100-110兆帕。这些模拟对关节在各种载荷条件下的行为产生了重要的见解，从而增强了这项研究在生物医学环境中的意义。
