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Abstract：
BackgroundTick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a severe, vaccine-preventable viral infection of the central nervous system. Symptoms are generally milder in children and adolescents than in adults, though severe disease does occur. A better understanding of the disease burden and duration of vaccine-mediated protection is important for vaccination recommendations.AimTo estimate TBE vaccination coverage, disease severity and vaccine effectiveness (VE) among individuals aged 0-17 years in Switzerland.MethodsVaccination coverage between 2005 and 2022 was estimated using the Swiss National Vaccination Coverage Survey (SNVCS), a nationwide, repeated cross-sectional study assessing vaccine uptake. Incidence and severity of TBE between 2005 and 2022 were determined using data from the Swiss disease surveillance system and VE was calculated using a case-control analysis, matching TBE cases with SNVCS controls.ResultsOver the study period, vaccination coverage increased substantially, from 4.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.1-5.5%) to 50.1% (95% CI: 48.3-52.0%). Reported clinical symptoms in TBE cases were similar irrespective of age. Neurological involvement was less likely in incompletely (1-2 doses) and completely (≥ 3 doses) vaccinated cases compared with unvaccinated ones. For incomplete vaccination, VE was 66.2% (95% CI: 42.3-80.2), whereas VE for complete vaccination was 90.8% (95% CI: 87.7-96.4). Vaccine effectiveness remained high, 83.9% (95% CI: 69.0-91.7) up to 10 years since last vaccination.ConclusionsEven children younger than 5 years can experience severe TBE. Incomplete and complete vaccination protect against neurological manifestations of the disease. Complete vaccination offers durable protection up to 10 years against TBE.
摘要：
BackgroundTick传脑炎（TBE）是一种严重的，疫苗可预防的中枢神经系统病毒感染。儿童和青少年的症状通常比成人轻，虽然严重的疾病确实发生。更好地了解疾病负担和疫苗介导的保护持续时间对于疫苗接种建议很重要。为了估计TBE疫苗接种覆盖率，瑞士0-17岁人群的疾病严重程度和疫苗有效性(VE)。方法使用瑞士国家疫苗接种覆盖率调查（SNVCS）估计2005年至2022年之间的疫苗接种覆盖率。一个全国性的,评估疫苗摄取的重复横断面研究。使用瑞士疾病监测系统的数据确定2005年至2022年TBE的发生率和严重程度，并使用病例对照分析计算VE。将TBE案例与SNVCS控件进行匹配。结果在研究期间，疫苗接种覆盖率大幅增加，从4.8%（95%置信区间（CI）：4.1-5.5%）到50.1%（95%CI：48.3-52.0%）。无论年龄如何，TBE病例的报告临床症状相似。与未接种疫苗相比，未完全（1-2剂量）和完全（≥3剂量）接种疫苗的病例中神经系统受累的可能性较小。对于不完全的疫苗接种，VE为66.2%（95%CI：42.3-80.2），而完整疫苗接种的VE为90.8%(95%CI:87.7-96.4).疫苗有效性仍然很高，83.9%（95%CI：69.0-91.7）自上次疫苗接种以来长达10年。结论即使小于5岁的儿童也会经历严重的TBE。不完整和完整的疫苗接种可防止疾病的神经系统表现。完整的疫苗接种为TBE提供长达10年的持久保护。
