PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Rapid and early detection of infectious diseases in pigs is important, especially for the implementation of control measures in suspected cases of African swine fever (ASF), as an effective and safe vaccine is not yet available in most of the affected countries. Additionally, analysis for swine influenza is of significance due to its high morbidity rate (up to 100%) despite a lower mortality rate compared to ASF. The wide distribution of swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) across various countries, the emergence of constantly new recombinant strains, and the danger of human infection underscore the need for rapid and accurate diagnosis. Several diagnostic approaches and commercial methods should be applied depending on the scenario, type of sample and the objective of the studies being implemented. At the early diagnosis of an outbreak, virus genome detection using a variety of PCR assays proves to be the most sensitive and specific technique. As the disease evolves, serology gains diagnostic value, as specific antibodies appear later in the course of the disease (after 7-10 days post-infection (DPI) for ASF and between 10-21 DPI for SwIAV). The ongoing development of commercial kits with enhanced sensitivity and specificity is evident. This review aims to analyse recent advances and current commercial kits utilised for the diagnosis of ASF and SwIAV.
摘要：
快速和早期发现猪的传染病非常重要，特别是对非洲猪瘟疑似病例实施控制措施，因为大多数受影响国家还没有有效和安全的疫苗。此外,尽管与ASF相比死亡率较低,但由于其高发病率(高达100%),因此对猪流感的分析具有重要意义.猪流感病毒A（SwIAV）在各国广泛分布，不断出现新的重组菌株，人类感染的危险强调了快速准确诊断的必要性。应根据情况应用几种诊断方法和商业方法，样本类型和正在实施的研究目标。在爆发的早期诊断中，使用各种PCR测定法进行的病毒基因组检测被证明是最灵敏和特异的技术。随着疾病的发展，血清学获得诊断价值，因为特异性抗体在疾病过程中出现较晚（ASF在感染后7-10天（DPI）和SwIAV在10-21DPI之间）。具有增强的灵敏度和特异性的商业试剂盒的持续开发是明显的。这篇综述旨在分析用于诊断ASF和SwIAV的最新进展和当前商业试剂盒。
