Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Epilepsy patients often report memory deficits despite normal objective testing, suggesting that available measures are insensitive or that non-mnemonic factors are involved. The Visual Paired Comparison Task (VPCT) assesses novelty preference, the tendency to fixate on novel images rather than previously viewed items, requiring recognition memory for the \"old\" images. As novelty preference is a sensitive measure of hippocampal-dependent memory function, we predicted impaired VPCT performance in epilepsy patients compared to healthy controls.
METHODS: We assessed 26 healthy adult controls and 31 epilepsy patients (16 focal-onset, 13 generalized-onset, 2 unknown-onset) with the VPCT using delays of 2 or 30 s between encoding and recognition. Fifteen healthy controls and 17 epilepsy patients (10 focal-onset, 5 generalized-onset, 2 unknown-onset) completed the task at 2-, 5-, and 30-minute delays. Subjects also performed standard memory measures, including the Medical College of Georgia (MCG) Paragraph Test, California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), and Brief Visual Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R).
RESULTS: The epilepsy group was high functioning, with greater estimated IQ (p = 0.041), greater years of education (p = 0.034), and higher BVMT-R scores (p = 0.024) compared to controls. Both the control group and epilepsy cohort, as well as focal- and generalized-onset subgroups, had intact novelty preference at the 2- and 30-second delays (p-values ≤ 0.001) and declined at 30 min (p-values > 0.05). Only the epilepsy patients had early declines at 2- and 5-minute delays (controls with intact novelty preference at p = 0.003 and p ≤ 0.001, respectively; epilepsy groups\' p-values > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Memory for the \"old\" items decayed more rapidly in overall, focal-onset, and generalized-onset epilepsy groups. The VPCT detected deficits while standard memory measures were largely intact, suggesting that the VPCT may be a more sensitive measure of temporal lobe memory function than standard neuropsychological batteries.
METHODS: We assessed 26 healthy adult controls and 31 epilepsy patients (16 focal-onset, 13 generalized-onset, 2 unknown-onset) with the VPCT using delays of 2 or 30 s between encoding and recognition. Fifteen healthy controls and 17 epilepsy patients (10 focal-onset, 5 generalized-onset, 2 unknown-onset) completed the task at 2-, 5-, and 30-minute delays. Subjects also performed standard memory measures, including the Medical College of Georgia (MCG) Paragraph Test, California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), and Brief Visual Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R).
RESULTS: The epilepsy group was high functioning, with greater estimated IQ (p = 0.041), greater years of education (p = 0.034), and higher BVMT-R scores (p = 0.024) compared to controls. Both the control group and epilepsy cohort, as well as focal- and generalized-onset subgroups, had intact novelty preference at the 2- and 30-second delays (p-values ≤ 0.001) and declined at 30 min (p-values > 0.05). Only the epilepsy patients had early declines at 2- and 5-minute delays (controls with intact novelty preference at p = 0.003 and p ≤ 0.001, respectively; epilepsy groups\' p-values > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Memory for the \"old\" items decayed more rapidly in overall, focal-onset, and generalized-onset epilepsy groups. The VPCT detected deficits while standard memory measures were largely intact, suggesting that the VPCT may be a more sensitive measure of temporal lobe memory function than standard neuropsychological batteries.
摘要：
目的：癫痫患者经常报告记忆障碍，尽管客观测试正常，表明可用的措施不敏感或涉及非记忆因素。视觉配对比较任务(VPCT)评估新颖性偏好，倾向于关注新颖的图像，而不是以前看过的项目，需要识别内存的\"旧\"图像。由于新颖性偏好是海马依赖性记忆功能的敏感量度，我们预测癫痫患者与健康对照组相比VPCT表现受损.
方法：我们评估了26名健康成人对照和31名癫痫患者（16例局灶性发作，13全身发作，2未知发作），VPCT在编码和识别之间使用2或30s的延迟。15名健康对照和17名癫痫患者(10名局灶性发作，5全身发作，2未知-发作）在2-完成任务，5-,和30分钟的延迟。受试者还进行了标准的记忆测量，包括佐治亚州医学院（MCG）段落测试，加州言语学习测试-第二版（CVLT-II），和简要视觉记忆测试-修订(BVMT-R)。
结果：癫痫组高功能，具有更大的估计智商(p=0.041)，更大的教育年限(p=0.034)，与对照组相比，BVMT-R评分更高（p=0.024）。对照组和癫痫队列，以及病灶性和广泛性亚组，在2秒和30秒延迟（p值≤0.001）时具有完整的新颖性偏好，并在30分钟时下降（p值>0.05）。只有癫痫患者在2分钟和5分钟延迟时出现早期下降（对照组具有完整的新颖性偏好，分别为p=0.003和p≤0.001；癫痫组p值>0.05）。
结论：“旧”项目的记忆总体上衰减得更快，局灶性发作,和泛发性癫痫组。VPCT检测到缺陷，而标准记忆测量基本完好无损，这表明VPCT可能比标准神经心理电池更敏感地测量颞叶记忆功能。
方法：我们评估了26名健康成人对照和31名癫痫患者（16例局灶性发作，13全身发作，2未知发作），VPCT在编码和识别之间使用2或30s的延迟。15名健康对照和17名癫痫患者(10名局灶性发作，5全身发作，2未知-发作）在2-完成任务，5-,和30分钟的延迟。受试者还进行了标准的记忆测量，包括佐治亚州医学院（MCG）段落测试，加州言语学习测试-第二版（CVLT-II），和简要视觉记忆测试-修订(BVMT-R)。
结果：癫痫组高功能，具有更大的估计智商(p=0.041)，更大的教育年限(p=0.034)，与对照组相比，BVMT-R评分更高（p=0.024）。对照组和癫痫队列，以及病灶性和广泛性亚组，在2秒和30秒延迟（p值≤0.001）时具有完整的新颖性偏好，并在30分钟时下降（p值>0.05）。只有癫痫患者在2分钟和5分钟延迟时出现早期下降（对照组具有完整的新颖性偏好，分别为p=0.003和p≤0.001；癫痫组p值>0.05）。
结论：“旧”项目的记忆总体上衰减得更快，局灶性发作,和泛发性癫痫组。VPCT检测到缺陷，而标准记忆测量基本完好无损，这表明VPCT可能比标准神经心理电池更敏感地测量颞叶记忆功能。
