Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Prior observational studies have suggested correlations between saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) with cognitive function. However, causal relationships remains unclear.
METHODS: We assessed the causal impact of two SFAs (palmitic acid [PA] and stearic acid [SA]) and two MUFAs (oleic acid [OA] and palmitoleic acid [POA]) on cognitive function-related traits, and dementia-related traits by univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses.
RESULTS: UVMR indicated β of 0.060 (P = 4.05E-06) for cognitive performance score and 0.066 (P = 4.21E-04) for fluid intelligence per standard deviation (SD) increase in OA level. MVMR indicated: (i) β of -0.608 (P = 8.37E-05) for fluid intelligence score per SD increase in POA; (ii) β of 0.074 (P = 0.018) for fluid intelligence score per SD increase in OA; (iii) β of 0.029 (P = 0.033) for number of incorrect matches in round per SD increase in PA; and (iv) β of 0.039 (P = 0.032) for number of incorrect matches in round per SD increase in SA. In addition, a secondary MVMR analysis after excluding the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids suggested that: (i) β of -0.043 (P = 1.97E-02) for cognitive performance score per SD increase in PA and (ii) β of -0.079 (P = 1.79E-03) for cognitive performance score per SD increase in SA.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, UVMR and MVMR suggest that OA may be beneficial for cognitive function, while POA, PA, and SA may have detrimental effects on cognitive function.
METHODS: We assessed the causal impact of two SFAs (palmitic acid [PA] and stearic acid [SA]) and two MUFAs (oleic acid [OA] and palmitoleic acid [POA]) on cognitive function-related traits, and dementia-related traits by univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses.
RESULTS: UVMR indicated β of 0.060 (P = 4.05E-06) for cognitive performance score and 0.066 (P = 4.21E-04) for fluid intelligence per standard deviation (SD) increase in OA level. MVMR indicated: (i) β of -0.608 (P = 8.37E-05) for fluid intelligence score per SD increase in POA; (ii) β of 0.074 (P = 0.018) for fluid intelligence score per SD increase in OA; (iii) β of 0.029 (P = 0.033) for number of incorrect matches in round per SD increase in PA; and (iv) β of 0.039 (P = 0.032) for number of incorrect matches in round per SD increase in SA. In addition, a secondary MVMR analysis after excluding the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids suggested that: (i) β of -0.043 (P = 1.97E-02) for cognitive performance score per SD increase in PA and (ii) β of -0.079 (P = 1.79E-03) for cognitive performance score per SD increase in SA.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, UVMR and MVMR suggest that OA may be beneficial for cognitive function, while POA, PA, and SA may have detrimental effects on cognitive function.
摘要：
背景：先前的观察性研究表明饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）与认知功能之间存在相关性。然而,因果关系尚不清楚。
方法：我们评估了两种SFA（棕榈酸[PA]和硬脂酸[SA]）和两种MUFA（油酸[OA]和棕榈油酸[POA]）对认知功能相关性状的因果影响，通过单变量孟德尔随机化（UVMR）和多变量孟德尔随机化（MVMR）分析和痴呆相关特征。
结果：UVMR显示认知表现得分的β为0.060（P=4.05E-06），OA水平的每标准差（SD）增加的流体智力为0.066（P=4.21E-04）。MVMR显示：（i）POA每增加SD，流体智力得分的β为-0.608（P=8.37E-05）；（ii）OA每SD增加的流体智力得分的β为0.074（P=0.018）；（iii）PA每SD增加一轮不正确匹配数的β为0.029（P=0.033）；（iv）每轮不正确匹配数的β为0.039（P=0.032）此外,排除多不饱和脂肪酸的影响后的次要MVMR分析表明：（i）PA每SD增加的认知表现得分的β为-0.043（P=1.97E-02），（ii）SA每SD增加的认知表现得分的β为-0.079（P=1.79E-03）。
结论：总体而言，UVMR和MVMR提示OA可能对认知功能有益，而POA,PA,和SA可能对认知功能有不利影响。
方法：我们评估了两种SFA（棕榈酸[PA]和硬脂酸[SA]）和两种MUFA（油酸[OA]和棕榈油酸[POA]）对认知功能相关性状的因果影响，通过单变量孟德尔随机化（UVMR）和多变量孟德尔随机化（MVMR）分析和痴呆相关特征。
结果：UVMR显示认知表现得分的β为0.060（P=4.05E-06），OA水平的每标准差（SD）增加的流体智力为0.066（P=4.21E-04）。MVMR显示：（i）POA每增加SD，流体智力得分的β为-0.608（P=8.37E-05）；（ii）OA每SD增加的流体智力得分的β为0.074（P=0.018）；（iii）PA每SD增加一轮不正确匹配数的β为0.029（P=0.033）；（iv）每轮不正确匹配数的β为0.039（P=0.032）此外,排除多不饱和脂肪酸的影响后的次要MVMR分析表明：（i）PA每SD增加的认知表现得分的β为-0.043（P=1.97E-02），（ii）SA每SD增加的认知表现得分的β为-0.079（P=1.79E-03）。
结论：总体而言，UVMR和MVMR提示OA可能对认知功能有益，而POA,PA,和SA可能对认知功能有不利影响。
