PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The aim of this systematic review is to comprehensively assess the weight loss (WL) practices in different combat sports (CS). The review protocol was preregistered with PROSPERO [CRD42023487196]. Three databases were searched (Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and PubMed) until 8 December 2023. Eligible studies had to meet five criteria: they must have been (a) written in English, (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal, (c) used a survey design to investigate the WL practices of CS athletes, and (d) reported the WL methods used by athletes using a five-point scale. Twenty-six studies (3994 participants from 14 CS) were included. This review found that (1) WL is highly prevalent in CS athletes; (2) many CS athletes started losing weight for competition as teenagers two to three times a year; (3) CS athletes usually lose <5% body weight in 7-14 days before competition; (4) increasing exercise and gradually dieting are the most commonly used WL methods; and (5) the influence of scientific practitioners on athletes is negligible. The habitual practices of CS athletes may be relatively harmless, but in some special cases, CS athletes also perform extreme WL practices. Scientific practitioners have little influence on their WL practices, which may form a vicious cycle of non-qualified influence.
摘要：
本系统评价的目的是全面评估不同格斗运动（CS）中的减肥（WL）实践。审查方案已在PROSPERO预注册[CRD42023487196]。搜索了三个数据库(WebofScience，EBSCOhost,和PubMed）至2023年12月8日。符合条件的研究必须符合五个标准：它们必须是（a）用英语写的，(b)发表在同行评审的期刊上，(c)使用调查设计调查CS运动员的WL做法，和（d）使用5分量表报告了运动员使用的WL方法。包括26项研究（来自14个CS的3994名参与者）。本综述发现（1）WL在CS运动员中非常普遍；（2）许多CS运动员每年从青少年开始减肥两到三次；（3）CS运动员通常在比赛前7-14天内体重下降<5％；（4）增加运动和逐渐节食是最常用的WL方法；（5）科学从业者对运动员的影响可以忽略不计。CS运动员的习惯性做法可能相对无害，但在一些特殊情况下,CS运动员也进行极端的WL练习。科学从业者对他们的WL实践影响不大，这可能会形成不合格影响力的恶性循环。
