PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Functional brain connectivity based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been shown to be correlated with human personality and behavior. In this study, we sought to know whether capabilities and traits in dogs can be predicted from their resting-state connectivity, as in humans. We trained awake dogs to keep their head still inside a 3T MRI scanner while resting-state fMRI data was acquired. Canine behavior was characterized by an integrated behavioral score capturing their hunting, retrieving, and environmental soundness. Functional scans and behavioral measures were acquired at three different time points across detector dog training. The first time point (TP1) was prior to the dogs entering formal working detector dog training. The second time point (TP2) was soon after formal detector dog training. The third time point (TP3) was three months\' post detector dog training while the dogs were engaged in a program of maintenance training for detection work. We hypothesized that the correlation between resting-state FC in the dog brain and behavior measures would significantly change during their detection training process (from TP1 to TP2) and would maintain for the subsequent several months of detection work (from TP2 to TP3). To further study the resting-state FC features that can predict the success of training, dogs at TP1 were divided into a successful group and a non-successful group. We observed a core brain network which showed relatively stable (with respect to time) patterns of interaction that were significantly stronger in successful detector dogs compared to failures and whose connectivity strength at the first time point predicted whether a given dog was eventually successful in becoming a detector dog. A second ontologically based flexible peripheral network was observed whose changes in connectivity strength with detection training tracked corresponding changes in behavior over the training program. Comparing dog and human brains, the functional connectivity between the brain stem and the frontal cortex in dogs corresponded to that between the locus coeruleus and left middle frontal gyrus in humans, suggestive of a shared mechanism for learning and retrieval of odors. Overall, the findings point toward the influence of phylogeny and ontogeny in dogs producing two dissociable functional neural networks.
摘要：
基于静息状态功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的功能性脑连接已被证明与人类的个性和行为相关。在这项研究中,我们试图知道狗的能力和特征是否可以从它们的静息状态连通性来预测，就像人类一样。我们训练清醒的狗在获取静息状态fMRI数据时，将它们的头部保持在3TMRI扫描仪中。犬的行为特征是捕捉它们狩猎的综合行为得分，检索,和环境健全。在检测器狗训练的三个不同时间点获取功能扫描和行为测量。第一时间点(TP1)是在狗进入正式的工作检测器狗训练之前。第二个时间点（TP2）是在正式的探测器犬训练后不久。第三个时间点（TP3）是在对检测犬进行训练后的三个月，而狗则参与了检测工作的维护训练计划。我们假设，狗大脑中的静息状态FC与行为测量之间的相关性将在其检测训练过程中（从TP1到TP2）发生显着变化，并且在随后的几个月的检测工作（从TP2到TP3）中保持不变。为了进一步研究可以预测训练成功的静息状态FC特征，在TP1的狗被分为成功组和不成功组。我们观察到一个核心大脑网络，该网络显示出相对稳定（相对于时间）的相互作用模式，与失败相比，成功的检测犬明显更强，并且其连接强度在第一个时间点预测了给定的狗是否最终成功成为检测犬。观察到第二个基于本体的灵活外围网络，其连接强度随检测训练的变化跟踪了训练程序上行为的相应变化。比较狗和人类的大脑，狗的脑干和额叶皮层之间的功能连接与人类的蓝斑和左中额回之间的功能连接相对应，暗示了一种共享的气味学习和检索机制。总的来说,研究结果指出了系统发育和个体发育对产生两个可分离的功能性神经网络的狗的影响。
