PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
To maintain current cognitive function and access greater cognitive reserves, nonpharmacological interventions may be a viable alternative for older adults with or without cognitive impairment. This study aimed to compare different nonpharmacological interventions for enhancing global cognition, including mind-body exercise, physical exercise, non-invasive brain stimulation, cognitive training intervention (CTI), acutherapy (ACU), meditation, and music therapy, by applying a network meta-analysis (NMA). Sixty-one randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of interventions on global cognition in older adults with or without mild cognitive decline were selected. An NMA was conducted to compare the efficacy of different nonpharmacological interventions. The NMA revealed that mind-body exercise (standardized mean difference, 1.384; 95% confidence interval, 0.777-1.992); ACU (1.283; 0.478-2.088); meditation (0.910; 0.097-1.724); non-invasive brain stimulation (1.242; 0.254-2.230); CTI (1.269; 0.736-1.802); and physical exercise (0.977; 0.212-1.742), showed positive effects compared to passive controls. There were no significant differences between the efficacies of other interventions. Nonpharmacological interventions may potentially enhance and maintain global cognition through various pathways, such as memorizing movements and enhancing brain plasticity by reducing stress in the older adult population. Additional studies are needed to clarify the impact of other variables, including intervention methods or psychological variables.
摘要：
为了维持当前的认知功能并获得更大的认知储备，对于有或没有认知障碍的老年人,非药物干预可能是一个可行的替代方案.本研究旨在比较不同的非药物干预措施，以提高全球认知，包括身心锻炼，体育锻炼,非侵入性脑刺激,认知训练干预（CTI），针灸疗法（ACU），冥想，和音乐疗法,通过应用网络荟萃分析(NMA)。选择了61项随机对照试验，评估了有或没有轻度认知下降的老年人的整体认知干预措施的有效性。进行NMA以比较不同非药物干预的疗效。NMA揭示了身心锻炼(标准化平均差，1.384；95%置信区间，0.777-1.992);ACU(1.283;0.478-2.088);冥想(0.910;0.097-1.724);非侵入性脑刺激(1.242;0.254-2.230);CTI(1.269;0.736-1.802);和体育锻炼(0.977;0.212-1.742)，与被动对照相比，显示出积极的效果。其他干预措施的疗效无显著差异。非药物干预可能通过各种途径增强和维持全球认知，例如通过减少老年人口的压力来记忆运动和增强大脑可塑性。需要更多的研究来澄清其他变量的影响，包括干预方法或心理变量。
