Abstract：
Implantable neural microelectrodes exhibit the great ability to accurately capture the electrophysiological signals from individual neurons with exceptional submillisecond precision, holding tremendous potential for advancing brain science research, as well as offering promising avenues for neurological disease therapy. Although significant advancements have been made in the channel and density of implantable neural microelectrodes, challenges persist in extending the stable recording duration of these microelectrodes. The enduring stability of implanted electrode signals is primarily influenced by the chronic immune response triggered by the slight movement of the electrode within the neural tissue. The intensity of this immune response increases with a higher bending stiffness of the electrode. This Review thoroughly analyzes the sequential reactions evoked by implanted electrodes in the brain and highlights strategies aimed at mitigating chronic immune responses. Minimizing immune response mainly includes designing the microelectrode structure, selecting flexible materials, surface modification, and controlling drug release. The purpose of this paper is to provide valuable references and ideas for reducing the immune response of implantable neural microelectrodes and stimulate their further exploration in the field of brain science.
摘要：
植入式神经微电极具有出色的亚毫秒级精度准确捕获单个神经元的电生理信号的能力，拥有推进脑科学研究的巨大潜力，以及为神经系统疾病治疗提供有希望的途径。尽管在可植入神经微电极的通道和密度方面取得了重大进展，在延长这些微电极的稳定记录持续时间方面存在挑战。植入的电极信号的持久稳定性主要受到由电极在神经组织内的轻微移动触发的慢性免疫应答的影响。该免疫应答的强度随着电极的更高的弯曲刚度而增加。这篇评论彻底分析了大脑中植入电极引起的顺序反应，并强调了旨在减轻慢性免疫反应的策略。最小化免疫应答主要包括设计微电极结构,选择柔性材料，表面改性,并控制药物释放。本文旨在为降低植入式神经微电极的免疫反应,激发其在脑科学领域的进一步探索提供有价值的参考和思路。
