PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Acute childhood diarrhea is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan African countries. Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia are the common cause of childhood diarrhea in the region. However, there are only few studies on protozoa causing diarrhea in sub-Saharan African countries. This study was conducted to investigate the relative prevalence and explore risk factors of E. histolytica and G. lamblia among diarrheic children of under 5 years in a public hospital of Ethiopia. A retrospective study was conducted among diarrheic children at Hiwot Fana hospital, Ethiopia. Records of all diarrheic children less than 5 years who had sought medical treatment in the hospital from September 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022 were included. Data were collected from 1257 medical records of the children using a structured data-collection format. Data were entered into an Excel sheet and exported into SPSS version 22 for data processing and analysis. Descriptive statistical tests, Chi-square, and logistic region analysis were applied to determine predictors of protozoa infections. Of the 1257 cases, 962 (76.5%) had watery diarrhea and the remaining 239 (19.0%) had dysentery. The combined prevalence of E. histolytica and G. lamblia among diarrheic children was 11.8% (95% CI: 9.6-13.4). As the age of children increased, the frequency of these two protozoan infections was significantly increased compared to children with other causes. There were more diarrhea cases during the summer season including those associated with E. histolytica and G. lamblia. This study revealed that 1 in 10 causes of diarhhea among young children in the study area was likely caused by E. histolytica and G. lamblia. These findings call for community-based safe water and food safety interventions in order to reduce childhood diarrhea caused by protozoan infections in resource-poor settings.
摘要：
儿童急性腹泻是撒哈拉以南非洲国家儿童发病和死亡的主要原因之一。溶组织内阿米巴和蓝氏贾第虫是该地区儿童腹泻的常见原因。然而,在撒哈拉以南非洲国家，关于原生动物引起腹泻的研究很少。本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚一家公立医院5岁以下腹泻儿童中溶组织大肠埃希菌和兰氏杆菌的相对患病率并探讨其危险因素。在HiwotFana医院的腹泻儿童中进行了一项回顾性研究，埃塞俄比亚。包括从2020年9月1日至2022年12月31日在医院寻求治疗的所有5岁以下腹泻儿童的记录。使用结构化数据收集格式从1257名儿童的医疗记录中收集数据。将数据输入到Excel表格中，并导出到SPSS版本22中进行数据处理和分析。描述性统计检验，卡方，和逻辑区域分析用于确定原生动物感染的预测因子。在1257个案例中，962（76.5％）患有水样腹泻，其余239（19.0％）患有痢疾。腹泻儿童中溶组织菌和兰氏杆菌的合并患病率为11.8%(95%CI:9.6-13.4)。随着孩子年龄的增长，与其他原因的儿童相比，这两种原生动物感染的频率显着增加。在夏季有更多的腹泻病例，包括与溶组织肠球菌和兰氏杆菌相关的腹泻病例。这项研究表明，研究区域中幼儿diarhhea的10个原因中有1个可能是由溶组织大肠杆菌和G.lamblia引起的。这些发现呼吁以社区为基础的安全水和食品安全干预措施，以减少资源贫乏地区由原生动物感染引起的儿童腹泻。
