Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Depression is highly prevalent among university students. While behavioral activation has been shown to be an effective psychotherapy for depression, there is a lack of research regarding the behavioral activation mechanism. Furthermore, although self-compassion seems to be a factor in promoting behavioral activation, no studies have attempted to validate a behavioral activation model that includes positive self-compassion. In addition, mechanistic studies have lacked consideration in longitudinal studies of behavioral activation. Thus, in this longitudinal study, we constructed and validated an exploratory model of behavioral activation.
METHODS: A total of 300 undergraduate students completed online surveys in 2019, 2020, and 2021. We examined the longitudinal effects of five factors (value-based behavior, goal-oriented and scheduled activities, positive reinforcement, self-compassion, and depressive symptoms) using structural equation modeling based on maximum likelihood estimation using bootstrapping.
RESULTS: The exploratory model was found to be valid and to have a good fit with the data. The results indicate that value-based behaviors increase the frequency of goal-oriented and scheduled activities, which in turn increases the frequency of positive reinforcement in everyday life. Additionally, when self-compassion, value-based behavior, goal-oriented and scheduled activities, and positive reinforcement are considered together, self-compassion may be indirectly related to activation via value-based behavior.
CONCLUSIONS: From the perspective of preventing depressive symptoms, it is important to increase the frequency of value-based activities. Furthermore, adding self-compassion is effective in behavioral activation to increase value-based activities. However, to address the limitations of this study, future studies should investigate the relationship among behavioral characteristics during interventions.
METHODS: A total of 300 undergraduate students completed online surveys in 2019, 2020, and 2021. We examined the longitudinal effects of five factors (value-based behavior, goal-oriented and scheduled activities, positive reinforcement, self-compassion, and depressive symptoms) using structural equation modeling based on maximum likelihood estimation using bootstrapping.
RESULTS: The exploratory model was found to be valid and to have a good fit with the data. The results indicate that value-based behaviors increase the frequency of goal-oriented and scheduled activities, which in turn increases the frequency of positive reinforcement in everyday life. Additionally, when self-compassion, value-based behavior, goal-oriented and scheduled activities, and positive reinforcement are considered together, self-compassion may be indirectly related to activation via value-based behavior.
CONCLUSIONS: From the perspective of preventing depressive symptoms, it is important to increase the frequency of value-based activities. Furthermore, adding self-compassion is effective in behavioral activation to increase value-based activities. However, to address the limitations of this study, future studies should investigate the relationship among behavioral characteristics during interventions.
摘要：
背景：抑郁症在大学生中非常普遍。虽然行为激活已被证明是抑郁症的有效心理治疗，缺乏关于行为激活机制的研究。此外，尽管自我同情似乎是促进行为激活的一个因素，没有研究试图验证包含积极自我同情的行为激活模型.此外,在行为激活的纵向研究中，机械研究缺乏考虑。因此，在这项纵向研究中，我们构建并验证了行为激活的探索性模型.
方法：在2019年，2020年和2021年，共有300名本科生完成了在线调查。我们研究了五个因素的纵向影响(基于价值的行为，以目标为导向和预定的活动，正强化，自我同情，和抑郁症状)使用基于最大似然估计的结构方程建模，使用自举。
结果：发现探索性模型是有效的，并且与数据具有良好的拟合。结果表明，基于价值的行为增加了目标导向和计划活动的频率，这反过来又增加了日常生活中积极强化的频率。此外,当自我同情，基于价值的行为，以目标为导向和预定的活动，和正强化一起考虑，自我同情可能与通过基于价值的行为的激活间接相关。
结论：从预防抑郁症状的角度来看，重要的是增加基于价值的活动的频率。此外，增加自我同情在行为激活中有效，以增加基于价值的活动。然而,为了解决这项研究的局限性，未来的研究应该调查干预期间行为特征之间的关系。
方法：在2019年，2020年和2021年，共有300名本科生完成了在线调查。我们研究了五个因素的纵向影响(基于价值的行为，以目标为导向和预定的活动，正强化，自我同情，和抑郁症状)使用基于最大似然估计的结构方程建模，使用自举。
结果：发现探索性模型是有效的，并且与数据具有良好的拟合。结果表明，基于价值的行为增加了目标导向和计划活动的频率，这反过来又增加了日常生活中积极强化的频率。此外,当自我同情，基于价值的行为，以目标为导向和预定的活动，和正强化一起考虑，自我同情可能与通过基于价值的行为的激活间接相关。
结论：从预防抑郁症状的角度来看，重要的是增加基于价值的活动的频率。此外，增加自我同情在行为激活中有效，以增加基于价值的活动。然而,为了解决这项研究的局限性，未来的研究应该调查干预期间行为特征之间的关系。
