Abstract：
Previous studies underscore the importance of social interactions for child language development-particularly interactions characterized by maternal sensitivity, infant-directed speech (IDS), and conversational turn-taking (CT) in one-on-one contexts. Although infants engage in such interactions from the third month after birth, the prospective link between speech input and maternal sensitivity in the first half year of life and later language development has been understudied. We hypothesized that social interactions embodying maternal sensitivity, IDS and CTs in the first 3 months of life, are significantly associated with later language development and tested this using a longitudinal design. Using a sample of 40 3-month-old infants, we assessed maternal sensitivity during a structured mother-infant one-on-one (1:1) interaction based on a well-validated scoring system (the Coding Interactive Behavior system). Language input (IDS, CT) was assessed during naturally occurring interactions at home using the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) system. Language outcome measures were obtained from 18 to 30 months of age using the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory. Three novel findings emerged. First, maternal sensitivity at 3 months was significantly associated with infants\' productive language scores at 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 months of age. Second, LENA-recorded IDS during mother-infant 1:1 interaction in the home environment at 3 months of age was positively correlated with productive language scores at 24, 27, and 30 months of age. Third, mother-infant CTs during 1:1 interaction was significantly associated with infants\' productive language scores at 27 and 30 months of age. We propose that infants\' social attention to speech during this early period-enhanced by sensitive maternal one-on-one interactions and IDS-are potent factors in advancing language development.
摘要：
先前的研究强调了社会交往对儿童语言发展的重要性，特别是以母亲敏感性为特征的交往。婴儿导向语音（IDS），和一对一上下文中的对话轮流（CT）。尽管婴儿从出生后的第三个月开始参与这种互动，在生命的上半年和后期的语言发展中，言语输入与母亲敏感性之间的前瞻性联系尚未得到充分研究。我们假设社会互动体现了母亲的敏感性，生命的前3个月的IDS和CT，与以后的语言开发密切相关，并使用纵向设计对此进行了测试。使用40个3个月大的婴儿的样本，我们基于经过充分验证的评分系统(编码交互行为系统)评估了结构化母婴一对一(1:1)交互过程中的母体敏感度.语言输入(IDS，使用语言环境分析（LENA）系统在家中自然发生的互动中评估了CT）。使用MacArthur-Bates交际发展清单从18至30个月的年龄获得语言结果指标。出现了三个新颖的发现。首先,3个月时的产妇敏感性与18,21,24,27和30个月时的婴儿生产性语言评分显著相关.第二,在3个月大的家庭环境中，母婴1：1互动期间LENA记录的IDS与24、27和30个月大的生产性语言得分呈正相关。第三，1:1互动期间的母婴CT与27和30月龄婴儿的生产性语言评分显著相关.我们认为，在这个早期阶段，婴儿对言语的社会关注-通过敏感的母亲一对一互动和IDS增强-是促进语言发展的有效因素。
