Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Rates of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits due to self-harm are important indicators for understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. The objective of this study was to assess changes in self-harm hospitalizations and ED visits in Canada during the first two years of the pandemic.
METHODS: Rates of self-harm hospitalizations and ED visits during the pandemic were predicted based on regression analyses that modeled trends over a 5-year pre-pandemic period from fiscal year 2015 to 2019. The ratios of observed and model predicted (expected) rates in 2020 and 2021 were estimated separately to assess changes during the pandemic.
RESULTS: Overall, rates of self-harm hospitalizations and ED visits were lower than expected during the pandemic, especially in 2020. In 2021, rates for females returned to near-expected levels; but they remained lower than expected for males. Females aged 10-14 years had higher than expected rates. The rate ratio of observed rate over expected rate was 1.2 in 2020 but further increased to 1.8 in 2021 for both hospitalizations and ED visits. Higher than expected rates were also observed among females aged 15-19 years in 2021 only.
CONCLUSIONS: Suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm cases could not be distinguished.
CONCLUSIONS: We observed lower than or close to expected rates of self-harm hospitalizations and ED visits during the pandemic for most population groups. The increased rates for young females highlights the importance of continued surveillance post-pandemic and targeted mental health services and suicide prevention programs.
METHODS: Rates of self-harm hospitalizations and ED visits during the pandemic were predicted based on regression analyses that modeled trends over a 5-year pre-pandemic period from fiscal year 2015 to 2019. The ratios of observed and model predicted (expected) rates in 2020 and 2021 were estimated separately to assess changes during the pandemic.
RESULTS: Overall, rates of self-harm hospitalizations and ED visits were lower than expected during the pandemic, especially in 2020. In 2021, rates for females returned to near-expected levels; but they remained lower than expected for males. Females aged 10-14 years had higher than expected rates. The rate ratio of observed rate over expected rate was 1.2 in 2020 but further increased to 1.8 in 2021 for both hospitalizations and ED visits. Higher than expected rates were also observed among females aged 15-19 years in 2021 only.
CONCLUSIONS: Suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm cases could not be distinguished.
CONCLUSIONS: We observed lower than or close to expected rates of self-harm hospitalizations and ED visits during the pandemic for most population groups. The increased rates for young females highlights the importance of continued surveillance post-pandemic and targeted mental health services and suicide prevention programs.
摘要：
背景：因自我伤害而住院和急诊（ED）就诊率是了解COVID-19大流行对心理健康影响的重要指标。这项研究的目的是评估大流行前两年加拿大自我伤害住院和急诊就诊的变化。
方法：大流行期间自我伤害住院率和急诊就诊率是根据回归分析预测的，该回归分析模拟了2015财年至2019财年大流行前5年的趋势。分别估计了2020年和2021年的观测率和模型预测(预期)率的比率，以评估大流行期间的变化。
结果：总体而言，在大流行期间，自我伤害住院率和急诊就诊率低于预期，尤其是在2020年。2021年，女性的比率恢复到接近预期的水平；但男性的比率仍然低于预期。10-14岁女性的发病率高于预期。观察率与预期率的比率在2020年为1.2，但在2021年住院和ED就诊时进一步增加到1.8。仅在2021年，年龄在15-19岁的女性中的比率也高于预期。
结论：自杀未遂和非自杀性自残病例无法区分。
结论：在大流行期间，我们观察到大多数人群的自我伤害住院率和ED就诊率低于或接近预期。女孩比率的增加凸显了在大流行后继续进行监测以及有针对性的精神卫生服务和自杀预防计划的重要性。
方法：大流行期间自我伤害住院率和急诊就诊率是根据回归分析预测的，该回归分析模拟了2015财年至2019财年大流行前5年的趋势。分别估计了2020年和2021年的观测率和模型预测(预期)率的比率，以评估大流行期间的变化。
结果：总体而言，在大流行期间，自我伤害住院率和急诊就诊率低于预期，尤其是在2020年。2021年，女性的比率恢复到接近预期的水平；但男性的比率仍然低于预期。10-14岁女性的发病率高于预期。观察率与预期率的比率在2020年为1.2，但在2021年住院和ED就诊时进一步增加到1.8。仅在2021年，年龄在15-19岁的女性中的比率也高于预期。
结论：自杀未遂和非自杀性自残病例无法区分。
结论：在大流行期间，我们观察到大多数人群的自我伤害住院率和ED就诊率低于或接近预期。女孩比率的增加凸显了在大流行后继续进行监测以及有针对性的精神卫生服务和自杀预防计划的重要性。
