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Abstract：
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is widely used for treatment-resistant depression. However, it is unclear whether/how ECT can be targeted to affect brain regions and circuits in the brain to dynamically regulate mood and cognition.
This study used brain entropy (BEN) to measure the irregular levels of brain systems in 46 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients before and after ECT treatment. Functional connectivity (FC) was further adopted to reveal changes of functional couplings. Moreover, transcriptomic and neurotransmitter receptor data were used to reveal genetic and molecular basis of the changes of BEN and functional connectivities.
Compared to pretreatment, the BEN in the posterior cerebellar lobe (PCL) significantly decreased and FC between the PCL and the right temporal pole (TP) significantly increased in MDD patients after treatment. Moreover, we found that these changes of BEN and FC were closely associated with genes\' expression profiles involved in MAPK signaling pathway, GABAergic synapse, and dopaminergic synapse and were significantly correlated with the receptor/transporter density of 5-HT, norepinephrine, glutamate, etc. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that loops in the cerebellum and TP are crucial for ECT regulation of mood and cognition, which provides new evidence for the antidepressant effects of ECT and the potential molecular mechanism leading to cognitive impairment.
This study used brain entropy (BEN) to measure the irregular levels of brain systems in 46 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients before and after ECT treatment. Functional connectivity (FC) was further adopted to reveal changes of functional couplings. Moreover, transcriptomic and neurotransmitter receptor data were used to reveal genetic and molecular basis of the changes of BEN and functional connectivities.
Compared to pretreatment, the BEN in the posterior cerebellar lobe (PCL) significantly decreased and FC between the PCL and the right temporal pole (TP) significantly increased in MDD patients after treatment. Moreover, we found that these changes of BEN and FC were closely associated with genes\' expression profiles involved in MAPK signaling pathway, GABAergic synapse, and dopaminergic synapse and were significantly correlated with the receptor/transporter density of 5-HT, norepinephrine, glutamate, etc. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that loops in the cerebellum and TP are crucial for ECT regulation of mood and cognition, which provides new evidence for the antidepressant effects of ECT and the potential molecular mechanism leading to cognitive impairment.
摘要：
背景：电惊厥疗法（ECT）广泛用于治疗难治性抑郁症。然而,目前尚不清楚ECT是否/如何靶向影响大脑中的大脑区域和回路，以动态调节情绪和认知。
方法：本研究使用脑熵（BEN）测量了46例重度抑郁症（MDD）患者在ECT治疗前后的脑系统不规则水平。进一步采用功能连通性（FC）来揭示功能耦合的变化。此外，使用转录组和神经递质受体数据来揭示BEN和功能连通性变化的遗传和分子基础。
结果：与预处理相比，治疗后，MDD患者小脑后叶（PCL）的BEN显着降低，而PCL与右颞极（TP）之间的FC显着升高。此外，我们发现BEN和FC的这些变化与参与MAPK信号通路的基因表达谱密切相关，GABA能突触，和多巴胺能突触，并与5-HT的受体/转运体密度显着相关，去甲肾上腺素,谷氨酸,等。结论：这些发现表明，小脑和TP的循环对于ECT调节情绪和认知至关重要，这为ECT的抗抑郁作用和导致认知功能障碍的潜在分子机制提供了新的证据。
方法：本研究使用脑熵（BEN）测量了46例重度抑郁症（MDD）患者在ECT治疗前后的脑系统不规则水平。进一步采用功能连通性（FC）来揭示功能耦合的变化。此外，使用转录组和神经递质受体数据来揭示BEN和功能连通性变化的遗传和分子基础。
结果：与预处理相比，治疗后，MDD患者小脑后叶（PCL）的BEN显着降低，而PCL与右颞极（TP）之间的FC显着升高。此外，我们发现BEN和FC的这些变化与参与MAPK信号通路的基因表达谱密切相关，GABA能突触，和多巴胺能突触，并与5-HT的受体/转运体密度显着相关，去甲肾上腺素,谷氨酸,等。结论：这些发现表明，小脑和TP的循环对于ECT调节情绪和认知至关重要，这为ECT的抗抑郁作用和导致认知功能障碍的潜在分子机制提供了新的证据。
