Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Cannabis use for non-medical purposes was legalized and regulated in Canada through the Cannabis Act in October 2018. This paper examined trends in use of cannabis for non-medical purposes and related indicators from pre- to post-legalization in Canada (2018-2022).
METHODS: Data from 5 years of the Canadian Cannabis Survey, an annual web-based survey administered to Canadians 16 years of age or older, were used in the analysis (n2018=12,952; n2019=11,922; n2020=10,821; n2021=10,733; n2022=10,048). Cannabis measures include questions about use, types of products, sources, risk perceptions and beliefs, and exposure to public education campaigns and health warnings. Adjusted logistic regression models tested differences in outcomes over time.
RESULTS: Past 12-month cannabis consumption increased among Canadians from 22 % in 2018 to 27 % in 2022 (AOR=1.41;99 % CI:1.28-1.54). Similarly, daily/almost daily (DAD) consumption increased from 5 % in 2018 to 7 % in 2022 (AOR=1.36;99 % CI:1.16-1.59). Consumption of dried flower, hash/kief, and concentrates/extracts (e.g., wax, shatter, budder) decreased since 2018, whereas consumption of edibles, beverages and vape pens/cartridges increased (p < 0.001). Legal purchasing increased from 4 % in 2018 to 69 % in 2022, while accessing cannabis through social and illegal sources decreased over time (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: More Canadians are reporting cannabis consumption since legalization and regulation of cannabis for non-medical purposes, continuing a pre-existing trend despite an increase in awareness of the risks of consuming cannabis. Trends in product use indicate a transition from dried flower and concentrates/extracts towards consumption of cannabis foods, drinks and vape pens/cartridges. The legal market is increasingly displacing the illicit cannabis market in Canada.
METHODS: Data from 5 years of the Canadian Cannabis Survey, an annual web-based survey administered to Canadians 16 years of age or older, were used in the analysis (n2018=12,952; n2019=11,922; n2020=10,821; n2021=10,733; n2022=10,048). Cannabis measures include questions about use, types of products, sources, risk perceptions and beliefs, and exposure to public education campaigns and health warnings. Adjusted logistic regression models tested differences in outcomes over time.
RESULTS: Past 12-month cannabis consumption increased among Canadians from 22 % in 2018 to 27 % in 2022 (AOR=1.41;99 % CI:1.28-1.54). Similarly, daily/almost daily (DAD) consumption increased from 5 % in 2018 to 7 % in 2022 (AOR=1.36;99 % CI:1.16-1.59). Consumption of dried flower, hash/kief, and concentrates/extracts (e.g., wax, shatter, budder) decreased since 2018, whereas consumption of edibles, beverages and vape pens/cartridges increased (p < 0.001). Legal purchasing increased from 4 % in 2018 to 69 % in 2022, while accessing cannabis through social and illegal sources decreased over time (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: More Canadians are reporting cannabis consumption since legalization and regulation of cannabis for non-medical purposes, continuing a pre-existing trend despite an increase in awareness of the risks of consuming cannabis. Trends in product use indicate a transition from dried flower and concentrates/extracts towards consumption of cannabis foods, drinks and vape pens/cartridges. The legal market is increasingly displacing the illicit cannabis market in Canada.
摘要：
背景：用于非医疗目的的大麻在加拿大通过2018年10月的《大麻法》合法化和监管。本文研究了加拿大从合法化前到合法化后（2018-2022年）用于非医疗目的的大麻使用趋势和相关指标。
方法：来自加拿大大麻调查5年的数据，一项针对16岁以上加拿大人的年度网络调查，用于分析（n2018=12,952；n2019=11,922；n2020=10,821；n2021=10,733；n2022=10,048）。大麻措施包括有关使用的问题，产品种类,来源,风险观念和信念，以及接触公共教育运动和健康警告。调整后的逻辑回归模型测试了结果随时间的差异。
结果：加拿大人过去12个月的大麻消费量从2018年的22％增加到2022年的27％（AOR=1.41；99％CI：1.28-1.54）。同样，每日/几乎每日（DAD）消费量从2018年的5%增加到2022年的7%（AOR=1.36；99%CI：1.16-1.59）。干花的消费，hash/kief,和浓缩物/提取物(例如，蜡，粉碎，预算)自2018年以来下降，而食品消费，饮料和vape笔/墨盒增加（p<0.001）。合法采购从2018年的4％增加到2022年的69％，而通过社会和非法来源获取大麻随着时间的推移而减少（p<0.001）。
结论：自大麻合法化和非医疗目的管制以来，更多加拿大人报告了大麻消费，尽管人们对消费大麻的风险的认识有所提高，但仍继续保持先前存在的趋势。产品使用趋势表明，从干花和浓缩物/提取物向消费大麻食品过渡，饮料和vape笔/墨盒。合法市场越来越多地取代加拿大的非法大麻市场。
方法：来自加拿大大麻调查5年的数据，一项针对16岁以上加拿大人的年度网络调查，用于分析（n2018=12,952；n2019=11,922；n2020=10,821；n2021=10,733；n2022=10,048）。大麻措施包括有关使用的问题，产品种类,来源,风险观念和信念，以及接触公共教育运动和健康警告。调整后的逻辑回归模型测试了结果随时间的差异。
结果：加拿大人过去12个月的大麻消费量从2018年的22％增加到2022年的27％（AOR=1.41；99％CI：1.28-1.54）。同样，每日/几乎每日（DAD）消费量从2018年的5%增加到2022年的7%（AOR=1.36；99%CI：1.16-1.59）。干花的消费，hash/kief,和浓缩物/提取物(例如，蜡，粉碎，预算)自2018年以来下降，而食品消费，饮料和vape笔/墨盒增加（p<0.001）。合法采购从2018年的4％增加到2022年的69％，而通过社会和非法来源获取大麻随着时间的推移而减少（p<0.001）。
结论：自大麻合法化和非医疗目的管制以来，更多加拿大人报告了大麻消费，尽管人们对消费大麻的风险的认识有所提高，但仍继续保持先前存在的趋势。产品使用趋势表明，从干花和浓缩物/提取物向消费大麻食品过渡，饮料和vape笔/墨盒。合法市场越来越多地取代加拿大的非法大麻市场。
