PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
There have been reports of long coronavirus disease (long COVID) and breakthrough infections (BTIs); however, the mechanisms and pathological features of long COVID after Omicron BTIs remain unclear. Assessing long-term effects of COVID-19 and immune recovery after Omicron BTIs is crucial for understanding the disease and managing new-generation vaccines. Here, we followed up mild BA.2 BTI convalescents for six-month with routine blood tests, proteomic analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We found that major organs exhibited ephemeral dysfunction and recovered to normal in approximately six-month after BA.2 BTI. We also observed durable and potent levels of neutralizing antibodies against major circulating sub-variants, indicating that hybrid humoral immunity stays active. However, platelets may take longer to recover based on proteomic analyses, which also shows coagulation disorder and an imbalance between anti-pathogen immunity and metabolism six-month after BA.2 BTI. The immunity-metabolism imbalance was then confirmed with retrospective analysis of abnormal levels of hormones, low blood glucose level and coagulation profile. The long-term malfunctional coagulation and imbalance in the material metabolism and immunity may contribute to the development of long COVID and act as useful indicator for assessing recovery and the long-term impacts after Omicron sub-variant BTIs.
摘要：
有长期冠状病毒病(长COVID)和突破性感染(BTI)的报道；然而，OmicronBTI术后长COVID的机制和病理特征仍不清楚。评估COVID-19的长期影响和OmicronBTI后的免疫恢复对于了解这种疾病和管理新一代疫苗至关重要。这里,我们对轻度BA.2BTI疗养者进行了6个月的血常规检查,蛋白质组学分析和单细胞RNA测序(scRNA-seq)。我们发现主要器官表现出短暂的功能障碍，并在BA.2BTI后约六个月内恢复正常。我们还观察到针对主要循环亚变体的中和抗体的持久和有效水平，表明杂合体液免疫保持活跃。然而,根据蛋白质组学分析，血小板可能需要更长的时间才能恢复，这也显示了凝血障碍和抗病原体免疫和代谢之间的失衡后六个月BA.2BTI。然后通过回顾性分析激素水平异常来证实免疫代谢失衡，低血糖水平和凝血特征。长期的功能失调和物质代谢和免疫的失衡可能导致长期COVID的发展，并作为评估Omicron亚变异BTI后恢复和长期影响的有用指标。
