Abstract：
Vegetarianism is a growing trend, and food neophobia and orthorexia nervosa could act as barriers to achieving a healthy vegetarian diet. The aim of this study is to compare the levels of food neophobia, anxiety, and both healthy and pathological aspects of orthorexia among vegetarians and omnivores. Additionally, the study aims to identify the relationships between food neophobia, anxiety, and orthorexia. In this cross-sectional online survey, a total of 324 vegetarian and 455 omnivores adults participated. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related characteristics, the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS), the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 Scale. Vegetarians exhibited lower FNS scores (p < 0.001) and had higher healthy orthorexic scores (p < 0.001) than omnivores. There were no differences between groups for anxiety scores (p > 0.05). Regression analysis indicated that higher food neophobia (OR: 0.953, 95% CI:0.937-0.968) and TOS-OrNe scores (OR: 0.946, 95% CI: 0.901-0.993) were associated with lower odds of following a vegetarian diet. Conversely, higher TOS-HeOr scores (OR: 1.135, 95% CI:1.096-1.176) were linked to an increased likelihood of adopting a vegetarian diet. Furthermore, both FNS and GAD-7 scores showed negative correlations with TOS-HeOR (r = -0.124, p < 0.001 and r = -0.129 p < 0.001, respectively), and positive correlations with TOS-OrNe (r = 0.106, p < 0.001 and r = 0.146, p < 0.001). In conclusion, vegetarians exhibit lower levels of food neophobia and a greater interest in healthy eating than omnivores. Additionally, the distinct correlation between two dimensions of orthorexia and food neophobia and anxiety provides support for the two-dimensional nature of orthorexia.
摘要：
素食主义是一种日益增长的趋势，食物恐惧症和神经性矫正症可能成为实现健康素食饮食的障碍。这项研究的目的是比较食物恐惧症的水平，焦虑,以及素食者和杂食者中正食症的健康和病理方面。此外,这项研究旨在确定食物恐惧症之间的关系，焦虑,和矫正症。在这个横断面的在线调查中，共有324名素食主义者和455名杂食者参加。问卷由四个部分组成：社会人口统计学，生活方式,和健康相关的特征，食物恐惧症量表（FNS），TeruelOrthorexia量表（TOS），和广义焦虑症-7量表。与杂食动物相比，素食者表现出更低的FNS评分（p<0.001）和更高的健康正交性评分（p<0.001）。两组之间的焦虑评分无差异（p>0.05）。回归分析表明，较高的食物恐惧症（OR：0.953，95％CI：0.937-0.968）和TOS-OrNe评分（OR：0.946，95％CI：0.901-0.993）与较低的素食几率相关。相反，较高的TOS-HeOr评分(OR:1.135,95%CI:1.096-1.176)与采用素食的可能性增加有关.此外，FNS和GAD-7评分均与TOS-HeOR呈负相关（分别为r=-0.124，p<0.001和r=-0.129p<0.001），与TOS-OrNe呈正相关(r=0.106,p<0.001,r=0.146,p<0.001)。总之,与杂食动物相比，素食者表现出较低的食物恐惧症和对健康饮食的更大兴趣。此外,矫正性厌食症与食物恐惧症和焦虑的两个维度之间的明显相关性为矫正性厌食症的二维性质提供了支持。
