Abstract：
Over the past 2 decades, the potential of insects as food and feed has been recognized globally. Insects as feed ingredients can improve sustainability because of their lower greenhouse gas emissions and their potential to transform organic wastes into high-quality feed rich in nutrients. However, currently, the practical use of insects as food or feed is limited by the high costs of insect production. A great deal of effort is required to improve the rearing technology necessary to establish the principles of insect farming. Several insect species have become industrialized using existing methods of production. The most common industrialized insect species intended as feed and food include the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae); the house cricket, Acheta domesticus L. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae); the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae); and the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). This review focuses on describing the existing rearing methods for these 4 insect species, which may provide a basis for future research to enhance insect production capabilities.
摘要：
在过去的20年里,昆虫作为食物和饲料的潜力已得到全球认可。昆虫作为饲料原料可以提高可持续性，因为它们的温室气体排放量较低，并且有可能将有机废物转化为富含营养的优质饲料。然而,目前,昆虫作为食物或饲料的实际使用受到昆虫生产成本高的限制。需要大量的努力来改进建立昆虫养殖原理所必需的饲养技术。几种昆虫物种已经使用现有的生产方法实现工业化。作为饲料和食物的最常见的工业化昆虫物种包括黄色粉虫，黄粉虫（鞘翅目：Tenebrionidae）；家庭板球，AchetadomesticusL.（直翅目：Gryllidae）；黑色士兵飞，HermetiaillucensL.（双翅目：层生科）；和家蝇，家蝇（双翅目：蝇科）。本文重点介绍了这4种昆虫的现有饲养方法，这可能为未来提高昆虫生产能力的研究提供基础。
