Abstract：
In the recent mpox outbreak, people living with HIV (PLWH) were at high risk both for contracting infection and for suffering a more severe disease course. We studied cellular and humoral immune responses elicited by mpox infection (n = 5; n = 3 PLWH) or smallpox vaccination (n = 17; all PLWH) in a cohort of men who have sex with men. All PLWH were successfully treated, with stable CD4 counts and undetectable HIV viral loads. 11/17 vaccinated individuals had received childhood smallpox vaccination. In this group of individuals, both two-dose MVA-vaccination and natural infection evoked mpox-specific immune responses mediated by B cells as well as CD4 and CD8 T cells. This study improves our understanding of smallpox vaccination mediated cross-reactivity to other orthopox viruses, and the long-lasting durability of childhood smallpox vaccination mediated immune responses including in PLWH.
摘要：
在最近的水痘爆发中，HIV感染者(PLWH)感染和病程更为严重的高危人群.我们研究了一群与男性发生性关系的男性中，由水痘感染（n=5；n=3PLWH）或天花疫苗（n=17；所有PLWH）引起的细胞和体液免疫反应。所有PLWH均成功治疗，稳定的CD4计数和检测不到的HIV病毒载量。11/17接种疫苗的个体接受了儿童天花疫苗接种。在这个群体中，两剂量MVA疫苗接种和自然感染均可诱发由B细胞以及CD4和CD8T细胞介导的水痘特异性免疫应答.这项研究提高了我们对天花疫苗介导的与其他正痘病毒的交叉反应性的理解，以及包括PLWH在内的儿童天花疫苗介导的免疫反应的持久持久性。
