Abstract：
The aim of this study was to assess the exposures received by firefighters engaged in extinguishing the large-scale wildfires in the most contaminated areas of the Ukrainian part of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone in 2016 and 2020. The assessments are based on measurements of radionuclide airborne concentrations in the breathing zones of workers and at the aerosol sampling stations of the automated radiation monitoring system operated by SSE Ecocenter. During the wildfires, the radionuclide airborne concentrations increased by orders of magnitude compared to the background levels, reaching maximum values in the firefighting area of 1.20 ± 0.01 Bq m-3 for 90Sr, 0.18 ± 0.01 Bq m-3 for 137Cs, (1.8 ± 0.3) ∙10-4 Bq m-3 for 238Pu, (4.5 ± 0.7) ∙10-4 Bq m-3 for 239-240Pu, and (8.0 ± 1.3) ∙10-3 Bq m-3 for 241Pu. The internal effective doses to firefighters due to inhaled radionuclides did not exceed 2 μSv h-1 and were 3-5 times lower compared to the external dose of gamma radiation. Thus, the time of firefighting in the ChEZ will be limited by the external dose.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是评估消防员在2016年和2020年在切尔诺贝利禁区乌克兰部分污染最严重的地区扑灭大规模野火的暴露情况。评估基于对工人呼吸区和SSEEcocenter运营的自动辐射监测系统的气溶胶采样站的放射性核素空气传播浓度的测量。在野火期间,放射性核素空气中的浓度与背景水平相比增加了几个数量级，90Sr在1.20±0.01Bqm-3的消防区域达到最大值，137Cs为0.18±0.01Bqm-3，(1.8±0.3)·238Pu的10-4Bqm-3，（4.5±0.7）·239-240Pu的10-4Bqm-3，和（8.0±1.3）·241Pu的10-3Bqm-3。由于吸入的放射性核素对消防员的内部有效剂量不超过2μSvh-1，与伽玛辐射的外部剂量相比，低3-5倍。因此，ChEZ的消防时间将受到外部剂量的限制。
