Abstract：
Purpose: This study tested whether sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms are partially explained by recalled childhood gender nonconformity and whether the proportion of this association explained by childhood gender nonconformity is moderated by recalled parental attitudes toward childhood gender nonconformity. Methods: A convenience sample of young adults was recruited from two Chinese online survey platforms (272 heterosexual males, 272 bisexual males, 272 gay males, 272 heterosexual females, 272 bisexual females, and 272 lesbian females). Both mediation and moderated mediation models were conducted. Results: For both sexes, bisexual and gay/lesbian individuals reported significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms than heterosexual individuals, with total effects (standardized path coefficients) ranging from 0.25 to 0.38, all ps < 0.01. These sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms were partially explained by childhood gender nonconformity, with indirect effects ranging from 0.08 to 0.17, all ps < 0.001. The effect of childhood gender nonconformity on depressive symptoms was significantly moderated by parental attitudes. The mediating effect of childhood gender nonconformity on sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms was strongest at the more negative levels (one standard deviation [SD] above the mean) of parental attitudes and weakest at more tolerant levels (one SD below the mean) of parental attitudes. Conclusions: Childhood gender nonconformity may be a partial contributor to sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms and this indirect effect may be moderated by parental attitudes toward childhood gender nonconformity, with the indirect effect decreasing when parental attitudes move from negative toward more tolerant levels.
摘要：
目的：这项研究测试了抑郁症状的性取向差异是否部分由召回的儿童期性别不合格来解释，以及由儿童期性别不合格解释的这种关联的比例是否由召回的父母对儿童期性别不合格的态度来调节。方法：从两个中国在线调查平台（272名异性恋男性，272名双性恋男性，272个男同性恋者,272异性恋女性，272名双性恋女性，和272名女同性恋）。进行了调解和调节调解模式。结果：对于两性，双性恋和男同性恋/女同性恋个体报告的抑郁症状水平明显高于异性恋个体，总效应(标准化路径系数)范围从0.25到0.38，所有ps<0.01。这些抑郁症状的性取向差异部分解释为儿童性别不一致，间接效应范围从0.08到0.17，所有ps<0.001。父母的态度显着减轻了儿童期性别不整合对抑郁症状的影响。儿童期性别不一致对抑郁症状中性取向差异的中介作用在父母态度的负面水平（比平均值高一个标准差[SD]）最强，而在父母态度的宽容水平（比平均值低一个标准差）最弱。结论：儿童期性别不整合可能是抑郁症状性取向差异的部分原因，这种间接影响可能由父母对儿童期性别不整合的态度来调节。当父母的态度从消极向更宽容的水平转变时，间接影响会降低。
