PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Adoption is frequently viewed as a way to complete the family because of the infertility that some families experience and the desire for kids and teenagers, especially orphans, to have a loving family.
OBJECTIVE: This work intends to identify and propose adaptation solutions to address the psychological problems faced by adoptive families. By doing so, it is hoped that the mental health and overall well-being of individuals and society as a whole will be enhanced.
METHODS: In the first stage of this study, the grounded theory approach based on Strauss and Corbin\'s methodology was used to interview representatives of adoptive families in Iran in 2022 and identify the problems they experience. In the second stage, the same approach and methodology were used to interview representatives of experts. In the second stage, the results of the first stage were presented to a sample of purposefully selected experts, who subsequently proposed solutions for the families to adapt to their problems. Data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2020 software (VERBI Software, Berlin, Germany). Ethical requirements were followed at every stage of the study.
RESULTS: Four problem categories were identified in the first step of the study: legal-psychological problems, problems related to the growth of the child in an environment of social harm, attitude and worldview, and the resilience of the adoptive couple. In the second step of the study, four groups of solutions for psychological adjustment were extracted: explaining the issue of what, how, and why of adoption (correct identification of the problems faced by adoptive families, clarification of concepts and demystification, the need for research to address other gaps in the knowledge infrastructure, and the importance of critical thinking education), operational solutions (supervising the adoption database to become more efficient, unitization of adoption national institutes in each province, selection of officials based on both factors of professional and complete mental health, alignment of the provisions and other related legal matters between the involved institutions, and utilization of media influence are recommended, interactional solutions for family resilience (cognitive-therapeutic interactions for mental health based on flexibility, raising the family\'s social capacity through active counseling, improving problem-solving skills, fostering family self-efficacy, creating purposefulness, and appropriate beliefs to predict a bright future), attitude-changing solutions (redefining social norms and facilitating the adoption of desired attitudes by employing social psychology principles, exploiting the power of media and influential figures, employing techniques derived from the psychology of learning, establishing conducive conditions within the framework of individuals\' cognitive dissonance to modify their attitudes, and employing persuasion strategies).
CONCLUSIONS: Legislators and law enforcers, adoptive families, psychologists and consultants working in this field, and physicians specializing in infertility treatment can benefit from the findings of this study.
OBJECTIVE: This work intends to identify and propose adaptation solutions to address the psychological problems faced by adoptive families. By doing so, it is hoped that the mental health and overall well-being of individuals and society as a whole will be enhanced.
METHODS: In the first stage of this study, the grounded theory approach based on Strauss and Corbin\'s methodology was used to interview representatives of adoptive families in Iran in 2022 and identify the problems they experience. In the second stage, the same approach and methodology were used to interview representatives of experts. In the second stage, the results of the first stage were presented to a sample of purposefully selected experts, who subsequently proposed solutions for the families to adapt to their problems. Data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2020 software (VERBI Software, Berlin, Germany). Ethical requirements were followed at every stage of the study.
RESULTS: Four problem categories were identified in the first step of the study: legal-psychological problems, problems related to the growth of the child in an environment of social harm, attitude and worldview, and the resilience of the adoptive couple. In the second step of the study, four groups of solutions for psychological adjustment were extracted: explaining the issue of what, how, and why of adoption (correct identification of the problems faced by adoptive families, clarification of concepts and demystification, the need for research to address other gaps in the knowledge infrastructure, and the importance of critical thinking education), operational solutions (supervising the adoption database to become more efficient, unitization of adoption national institutes in each province, selection of officials based on both factors of professional and complete mental health, alignment of the provisions and other related legal matters between the involved institutions, and utilization of media influence are recommended, interactional solutions for family resilience (cognitive-therapeutic interactions for mental health based on flexibility, raising the family\'s social capacity through active counseling, improving problem-solving skills, fostering family self-efficacy, creating purposefulness, and appropriate beliefs to predict a bright future), attitude-changing solutions (redefining social norms and facilitating the adoption of desired attitudes by employing social psychology principles, exploiting the power of media and influential figures, employing techniques derived from the psychology of learning, establishing conducive conditions within the framework of individuals\' cognitive dissonance to modify their attitudes, and employing persuasion strategies).
CONCLUSIONS: Legislators and law enforcers, adoptive families, psychologists and consultants working in this field, and physicians specializing in infertility treatment can benefit from the findings of this study.
摘要：
背景：由于一些家庭经历的不育以及对孩子和青少年的渴望，收养通常被视为完成家庭的一种方式，尤其是孤儿,有一个充满爱的家庭。
目的：这项工作旨在确定并提出适应解决方案，以解决收养家庭面临的心理问题。通过这样做,希望个人和整个社会的心理健康和整体福祉得到改善。
方法：在本研究的第一阶段，2022年，基于Strauss和Corbin方法的扎根理论方法被用来采访伊朗收养家庭的代表，并确定他们遇到的问题。在第二阶段,同样的方法和方法被用来采访专家代表。在第二阶段,第一阶段的结果被提交给有目的地选择的专家样本，他们随后为家庭提出了解决方案，以适应他们的问题。数据分析使用MAXQDA2020软件(VERBI软件，柏林,德国)。在研究的每个阶段都遵循道德要求。
结果：在研究的第一步中确定了四个问题类别：法律-心理问题，与儿童在社会伤害环境中的成长有关的问题，态度和世界观，以及收养夫妇的韧性。在研究的第二步中，提取了四组心理调节的解决方案:解释什么的问题，如何,以及为什么收养(正确识别收养家庭面临的问题，概念的澄清和神秘化，需要研究解决知识基础设施中的其他差距，以及批判性思维教育的重要性)，运营解决方案(监督采用数据库以提高效率，各省收养国家机构的单位化，基于专业和完全心理健康的因素选择官员，相关机构之间的规定和其他相关法律事务的一致性，并建议利用媒体影响力，家庭复原力的互动解决方案(基于灵活性的心理健康认知-治疗互动，通过积极的咨询提高家庭的社会能力，提高解决问题的能力，培养家庭自我效能感，创造目的性，和适当的信念来预测光明的未来)，改变态度的解决方案(重新定义社会规范，并通过运用社会心理学原理促进采用所需的态度，利用媒体和有影响力的人物的力量，采用源自学习心理学的技术，在个人认知失调的框架内建立有利条件，以改变他们的态度，并采用说服策略)。
结论：立法者和执法人员，收养家庭,在这一领域工作的心理学家和顾问，而专门从事不孕症治疗的医生可以从这项研究的发现中受益。
目的：这项工作旨在确定并提出适应解决方案，以解决收养家庭面临的心理问题。通过这样做,希望个人和整个社会的心理健康和整体福祉得到改善。
方法：在本研究的第一阶段，2022年，基于Strauss和Corbin方法的扎根理论方法被用来采访伊朗收养家庭的代表，并确定他们遇到的问题。在第二阶段,同样的方法和方法被用来采访专家代表。在第二阶段,第一阶段的结果被提交给有目的地选择的专家样本，他们随后为家庭提出了解决方案，以适应他们的问题。数据分析使用MAXQDA2020软件(VERBI软件，柏林,德国)。在研究的每个阶段都遵循道德要求。
结果：在研究的第一步中确定了四个问题类别：法律-心理问题，与儿童在社会伤害环境中的成长有关的问题，态度和世界观，以及收养夫妇的韧性。在研究的第二步中，提取了四组心理调节的解决方案:解释什么的问题，如何,以及为什么收养(正确识别收养家庭面临的问题，概念的澄清和神秘化，需要研究解决知识基础设施中的其他差距，以及批判性思维教育的重要性)，运营解决方案(监督采用数据库以提高效率，各省收养国家机构的单位化，基于专业和完全心理健康的因素选择官员，相关机构之间的规定和其他相关法律事务的一致性，并建议利用媒体影响力，家庭复原力的互动解决方案(基于灵活性的心理健康认知-治疗互动，通过积极的咨询提高家庭的社会能力，提高解决问题的能力，培养家庭自我效能感，创造目的性，和适当的信念来预测光明的未来)，改变态度的解决方案(重新定义社会规范，并通过运用社会心理学原理促进采用所需的态度，利用媒体和有影响力的人物的力量，采用源自学习心理学的技术，在个人认知失调的框架内建立有利条件，以改变他们的态度，并采用说服策略)。
结论：立法者和执法人员，收养家庭,在这一领域工作的心理学家和顾问，而专门从事不孕症治疗的医生可以从这项研究的发现中受益。
