Abstract：
Climatic and meteorological conditions are among the factors affecting the ambient concentrations of BTEX compounds. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to interrogate the seasonal effect of climatic conditions on the concentrations of BTEX compounds. Three electronic bibliographic databases including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were systematically searched up to November 14, 2023. The search algorithm followed PRISMA guidance and consisted of three groupings of keywords and their possible combinations. For various climatic conditions, the overall mean and 95% confidence interval (CI) of effect size related to BTEX concentrations were calculated using a random-effect model. In total, 104 articles were included for evaluation in this review. BTEX ambient concentration was higher in winter (ranging from 36 out of 79 relevant studies for xylene to 52 out of 97 relevant studies for benzene) followed by summer and autumn. For humidity conditions, the highest exposure values for BTEX were detected for rainy weather (ranging from 3 out of 5 relevant studies for toluene and xylene to 4 out of 5 relevant studies for benzene and ethyl benzene) compared to dry conditions. The pooled concentration (μg/m3) of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene were computed as 2.61, 7.12, 2.21, and 3.61 in spring, 2.13, 7.53, 1.61, and 2.75 in summer, 3.04, 9.59, 3.14, and 5.50 in autumn, and 3.56, 8.71, 2.35, and 3.91 in winter, respectively. Moreover, the pooled concentrations (μg/m3) of BTEX were measured as 2.98, 7.22, 1.90, and 3.03 in dry weather and 3.15, 6.30, 2.14, and 3.86 in rainy or wet weather, respectively. In most seasons, the ambient concentrations of BTEX were higher in countries with low and middle incomes and in Middle Eastern countries and East/Southeast Asia compared to those in other regions (P < 0.001). The increasing concentrations of BTEX in winter and autumn followed by the summer season and during rainy/wet weather appear to be reasonably consistent despite variations in study methods, quality, or geography. Therefore, it is recommended that more serious control measures are considered for decreasing exposure to BTEX in these climatic conditions.
摘要：
气候和气象条件是影响BTEX化合物环境浓度的因素之一。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在探讨气候条件对BTEX化合物浓度的季节性影响。包括Scopus在内的三个电子书目数据库，PubMed,和WebofScience进行了系统搜索，直到2023年11月14日。搜索算法遵循PRISMA指导，由三个关键词分组及其可能的组合组成。对于各种气候条件，使用随机效应模型计算与BTEX浓度相关的效应大小的总体平均值和95%置信区间(CI).总的来说,本综述包括104篇文章进行评估。冬季BTEX环境浓度较高（从79项有关二甲苯的相关研究中的36项到97项有关苯的相关研究中的52项），然后是夏季和秋季。对于湿度条件，与干燥条件相比，在多雨天气下检测到BTEX的最高暴露值（从甲苯和二甲苯的5项相关研究中的3项到苯和乙苯的5项相关研究中的4项）。苯的合并浓度（μg/m3），甲苯,乙苯,和二甲苯在春季计算为2.61、7.12、2.21和3.61，夏季2.13、7.53、1.61和2.75，秋季3.04、9.59、3.14和5.50，冬季为3.56、8.71、2.35和3.91，分别。此外，BTEX的合并浓度（μg/m3）在干燥天气下测得为2.98、7.22、1.90和3.03，在多雨或潮湿天气下测得为3.15、6.30、2.14和3.86。分别。在大多数季节，与其他地区相比，中低收入国家以及中东国家和东亚/东南亚国家的环境中BTEX浓度较高（P<0.001）。尽管研究方法有所不同，但冬季和秋季以及夏季和多雨/潮湿天气中BTEX浓度的增加似乎相当一致。质量,或地理。因此,建议考虑采取更严格的控制措施，以减少在这些气候条件下对BTEX的暴露。
