PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Both words and gestures have been shown to influence object categorization, often even overriding perceptual similarities to cue category membership. However, gestures are often meaningful to infants while words are arbitrarily related to an object they refer to, more similar to arbitrary actions that can be performed on objects. In this study, we examine how words and arbitrary actions shape category formation. Across three conditions (word cue, action cue, word-action cue), we presented infants (N = 90) with eight videos of single-category objects which vary in colour and other perceptual features. The objects were either accompanied by a word and/or an action that is being performed on the object. Infants in the word and action condition showed a decrease in looking over the course of the familiarization phase indicating habituation to the category, but infants in the word-action condition did not. At test, infants saw a novel object of the just-learned category and a novel object from another category side-by-side on the screen. There was some evidence for an advantage for words in shaping early object categorization, although we note that this was not robust across analyses.
摘要：
单词和手势都被证明会影响对象的分类，通常甚至覆盖与线索类别成员资格的感知相似性。然而,手势通常对婴儿有意义，而单词则与他们所指的对象任意相关，更类似于可以对对象执行的任意操作。在这项研究中,我们研究单词和任意动作如何塑造类别形成。跨越三个条件(单词提示，动作提示,单词-动作提示)，我们为婴儿（N=90）提供了八个单类别对象的视频，这些视频在颜色和其他感知特征上有所不同。对象伴随有正在对象上执行的单词和/或动作。处于单词和动作状态的婴儿在熟悉阶段的过程中表现出下降，表明习惯于该类别，但是处于单词动作状态的婴儿没有。在测试中，婴儿在屏幕上并排看到刚刚学习的类别的新对象和另一个类别的新对象。有一些证据表明单词在塑造早期对象分类方面具有优势，尽管我们注意到这在分析中并不稳健.
