Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Dietary fats with an abundance of phytonutrients have garnered public attention beyond fatty acids per se. This study was set to investigate the impact of consuming diets with red palm olein (RPOO), extra virgin coconut oil (EVCO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO, as a control) on cardiometabolic risk biomarkers and lipid profile.
METHODS: We recruited a total of 156 individuals with central obesity, aged 25-45 years, with waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women in a parallel single-blind 3-arm randomised controlled trial. The participants consumed isocaloric diets (~ 2400 kcal) enriched with respective test fats (RPOO, EVCO or EVOO) for a 12-week duration.
RESULTS: The mean of the primary outcome plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein was statistically similar between the three diets after a 12-week intervention. EVOO resulted in significantly lower mean LDL cholesterol compared with RPOO and EVCO, despite similar effects on LDL and HDL cholesterol subfractions. The RPOO diet group showed elevated mean α and β -carotenes levels compared with EVCO and EVOO diet groups (P < 0.05), corresponding with the rich carotenoid content in RPOO.
CONCLUSIONS: The three oils, each of which has unique phytonutrient and fatty acid compositions, manifested statistically similar cardiometabolic effects in individuals with central obesity at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases with distinct circulating antioxidant properties.
BACKGROUND: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05791370).
METHODS: We recruited a total of 156 individuals with central obesity, aged 25-45 years, with waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women in a parallel single-blind 3-arm randomised controlled trial. The participants consumed isocaloric diets (~ 2400 kcal) enriched with respective test fats (RPOO, EVCO or EVOO) for a 12-week duration.
RESULTS: The mean of the primary outcome plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein was statistically similar between the three diets after a 12-week intervention. EVOO resulted in significantly lower mean LDL cholesterol compared with RPOO and EVCO, despite similar effects on LDL and HDL cholesterol subfractions. The RPOO diet group showed elevated mean α and β -carotenes levels compared with EVCO and EVOO diet groups (P < 0.05), corresponding with the rich carotenoid content in RPOO.
CONCLUSIONS: The three oils, each of which has unique phytonutrient and fatty acid compositions, manifested statistically similar cardiometabolic effects in individuals with central obesity at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases with distinct circulating antioxidant properties.
BACKGROUND: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05791370).
摘要：
目的：含有丰富植物营养素的膳食脂肪已经引起了公众的关注，而不仅仅是脂肪酸本身。这项研究旨在调查食用红油（RPOO）饮食的影响，特级初榨椰子油（EVCO）和特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO，作为对照）心脏代谢风险生物标志物和血脂谱。
方法：我们共招募了156名中心性肥胖患者，年龄25-45岁,在一项平行单盲三臂随机对照试验中，男性腰围≥90厘米，女性腰围≥80厘米。参与者食用富含各自测试脂肪的等热量饮食(~2400千卡)(RPOO，EVCO或EVOO）为期12周。
结果：经过12周的干预后，三种饮食的主要结果血浆高敏C反应蛋白的平均值在统计学上相似。与RPOO和EVCO相比，EVOO导致平均LDL胆固醇显着降低，尽管对LDL和HDL胆固醇亚组分的影响相似。与EVCO和EVOO饮食组相比，RPOO饮食组显示出升高的平均[公式：见文字]和[公式：见文字]-胡萝卜素水平（P<0.05），与RPOO中丰富的类胡萝卜素含量相对应。
结论：三种油，每个都有独特的植物营养素和脂肪酸组成，在有患心血管疾病风险的中心性肥胖个体中，表现出统计学上相似的心脏代谢作用，具有独特的循环抗氧化特性。
背景：ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT05711370）。
方法：我们共招募了156名中心性肥胖患者，年龄25-45岁,在一项平行单盲三臂随机对照试验中，男性腰围≥90厘米，女性腰围≥80厘米。参与者食用富含各自测试脂肪的等热量饮食(~2400千卡)(RPOO，EVCO或EVOO）为期12周。
结果：经过12周的干预后，三种饮食的主要结果血浆高敏C反应蛋白的平均值在统计学上相似。与RPOO和EVCO相比，EVOO导致平均LDL胆固醇显着降低，尽管对LDL和HDL胆固醇亚组分的影响相似。与EVCO和EVOO饮食组相比，RPOO饮食组显示出升高的平均[公式：见文字]和[公式：见文字]-胡萝卜素水平（P<0.05），与RPOO中丰富的类胡萝卜素含量相对应。
结论：三种油，每个都有独特的植物营养素和脂肪酸组成，在有患心血管疾病风险的中心性肥胖个体中，表现出统计学上相似的心脏代谢作用，具有独特的循环抗氧化特性。
背景：ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT05711370）。
