PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Equipped with an early social predisposition immediately post-birth, humans typically form associations with mothers and other family members through exposure learning, canalized by a prenatally formed predisposition of visual preference to biological motion, face configuration, and other cues of animacy. If impaired, reduced preferences can lead to social interaction impairments such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) via misguided canalization. Despite being taxonomically distant, domestic chicks could also follow a homologous developmental trajectory toward adaptive socialization through imprinting, which is guided via predisposed preferences similar to those of humans, thereby suggesting that chicks are a valid animal model of ASD. In addition to the phenotypic similarities in predisposition with human newborns, accumulating evidence on the responsible molecular mechanisms suggests the construct validity of the chick model. Considering the recent progress in the evo-devo studies in vertebrates, we reviewed the advantages and limitations of the chick model of developmental mental diseases in humans.
摘要：
出生后立即具备早期社会倾向，人类通常通过接触学习与母亲和其他家庭成员建立联系，通过先天形成的视觉偏好对生物运动的倾向，面配置,和其他敌意的线索。如果受损，偏好降低会导致社交互动障碍，如自闭症谱系障碍（ASD），通过误导渠道。尽管在分类上很遥远，家养小鸡也可以通过印记沿着同源的发展轨迹走向适应性社会化，这是通过类似于人类的偏好来引导的，从而表明小鸡是ASD的有效动物模型。除了与人类新生儿易感性的表型相似性外，有关负责任的分子机制的不断证据表明，小鸡模型的构造有效性。考虑到脊椎动物evo-devo研究的最新进展，我们回顾了人类发育性精神疾病小鸡模型的优点和局限性。
