Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Biofilm formation in dental waterlines brings opportunistic infections, especially for immunosuppressive patients. This study aimed to determine biofilm-forming microorganisms by various methods and investigate disinfectants\' effects on biofilm.
METHODS: In the study, samples were obtained from the waterlines of 10-15 aged six dental units, before (0 min.) and after chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) treatment (1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min.), and total colony counts were performed using conventional surface smear method (SSM) and dip slide method (DSM). The Congo red agar and Christensen methods were used to examine the biofilm-forming properties of the isolates. Monitoring of biofilm presence was also visualized by SEM scanning.
RESULTS: When DSM and SSM are compared in all units where ClO2 and HOCl are applied, DSM can detect bacterial growth even during periods of greater exposure to disinfectant application. Although DSM can achieve a value approaching 3% even at the 10th minute in units treated with HOCl; SSM does not show reproduction at the same disinfectant exposure and duration; It was observed that in the units where ClO2 was applied, the growth was no longer observed at the 10th minute with DSM, and SSM, 50% growth in the first minute of the units treated with ClO2 could not be detected in the 5th minute.
CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that it can be advisable to routinely disinfect the dental unit water systems with non-toxic doses of ClO2 application before patient treatments in clinics and also to perform contamination controls at regular intervals with DSM, which is a sensitive and very practical method.
UNASSIGNED: It has been observed that the dip slide method can count bacteria more sensitively than conventional methods in dental water systems without the need for experienced personnel and equipment. The difference between biofilm formation in water systems before and after disinfectant exposure in SEM examinations is remarkable. The effects of ClO2 and HOCl on biofilm were investigated and bacterial growth was inhibited in dental units between 5 and 10 minutes with both disinfectants.
METHODS: In the study, samples were obtained from the waterlines of 10-15 aged six dental units, before (0 min.) and after chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) treatment (1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min.), and total colony counts were performed using conventional surface smear method (SSM) and dip slide method (DSM). The Congo red agar and Christensen methods were used to examine the biofilm-forming properties of the isolates. Monitoring of biofilm presence was also visualized by SEM scanning.
RESULTS: When DSM and SSM are compared in all units where ClO2 and HOCl are applied, DSM can detect bacterial growth even during periods of greater exposure to disinfectant application. Although DSM can achieve a value approaching 3% even at the 10th minute in units treated with HOCl; SSM does not show reproduction at the same disinfectant exposure and duration; It was observed that in the units where ClO2 was applied, the growth was no longer observed at the 10th minute with DSM, and SSM, 50% growth in the first minute of the units treated with ClO2 could not be detected in the 5th minute.
CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that it can be advisable to routinely disinfect the dental unit water systems with non-toxic doses of ClO2 application before patient treatments in clinics and also to perform contamination controls at regular intervals with DSM, which is a sensitive and very practical method.
UNASSIGNED: It has been observed that the dip slide method can count bacteria more sensitively than conventional methods in dental water systems without the need for experienced personnel and equipment. The difference between biofilm formation in water systems before and after disinfectant exposure in SEM examinations is remarkable. The effects of ClO2 and HOCl on biofilm were investigated and bacterial growth was inhibited in dental units between 5 and 10 minutes with both disinfectants.
摘要：
目的：牙齿水线中的生物膜形成会带来机会性感染，尤其是免疫抑制患者。本研究旨在通过各种方法确定形成生物膜的微生物，并研究消毒剂对生物膜的影响。
方法：在研究中，样本是从10-15岁的六个牙科单位的吃水线上获得的，之前(0分钟。）和二氧化氯（ClO2）和次氯酸（HOCl）处理后（1、5、10、20和30分钟。),使用常规表面涂片法（SSM）和浸涂法（DSM）进行总菌落计数。刚果红琼脂和Christensen方法用于检查分离物的生物膜形成特性。生物膜存在的监测也通过SEM扫描可视化。
结果：当在施加ClO2和HOCl的所有单位中比较DSM和SSM时，即使在更多地暴露于消毒剂应用期间,DSM也可以检测细菌生长。尽管DSM即使在用HOCl处理的单位中也可以在第10分钟达到接近3％的值；SSM在相同的消毒剂暴露和持续时间下没有表现出繁殖；观察到在使用ClO2的单位中，DSM在第10分钟不再观察到生长，和SSM,在第5分钟未检测到用ClO2处理的单元的第一分钟内的50%生长。
结论：得出的结论是，建议在诊所接受患者治疗之前，用无毒剂量的ClO2对牙科单元水系统进行常规消毒，并定期进行污染控制与DSM的间隔，这是一种敏感且非常实用的方法。
■已经观察到，与牙科水系统中的常规方法相比，浸渍滑动法可以更灵敏地计数细菌，而无需经验丰富的人员和设备。在SEM检查中，消毒剂暴露前后水系统中生物膜形成之间的差异是显着的。研究了ClO2和HOCl对生物膜的影响，并使用两种消毒剂在5至10分钟内抑制了牙科单元中的细菌生长。
方法：在研究中，样本是从10-15岁的六个牙科单位的吃水线上获得的，之前(0分钟。）和二氧化氯（ClO2）和次氯酸（HOCl）处理后（1、5、10、20和30分钟。),使用常规表面涂片法（SSM）和浸涂法（DSM）进行总菌落计数。刚果红琼脂和Christensen方法用于检查分离物的生物膜形成特性。生物膜存在的监测也通过SEM扫描可视化。
结果：当在施加ClO2和HOCl的所有单位中比较DSM和SSM时，即使在更多地暴露于消毒剂应用期间,DSM也可以检测细菌生长。尽管DSM即使在用HOCl处理的单位中也可以在第10分钟达到接近3％的值；SSM在相同的消毒剂暴露和持续时间下没有表现出繁殖；观察到在使用ClO2的单位中，DSM在第10分钟不再观察到生长，和SSM,在第5分钟未检测到用ClO2处理的单元的第一分钟内的50%生长。
结论：得出的结论是，建议在诊所接受患者治疗之前，用无毒剂量的ClO2对牙科单元水系统进行常规消毒，并定期进行污染控制与DSM的间隔，这是一种敏感且非常实用的方法。
■已经观察到，与牙科水系统中的常规方法相比，浸渍滑动法可以更灵敏地计数细菌，而无需经验丰富的人员和设备。在SEM检查中，消毒剂暴露前后水系统中生物膜形成之间的差异是显着的。研究了ClO2和HOCl对生物膜的影响，并使用两种消毒剂在5至10分钟内抑制了牙科单元中的细菌生长。
