Abstract：
Orbital pathologies can be broadly classified as ocular, extra-ocular soft-tissue (non-neoplastic and neoplastic), osseous, and traumatic. In part 1 of this orbital series, the authors will discuss the differential diagnosis and key imaging features of pediatric ocular pathologies. These include congenital and developmental lesions (microphthalmos, anophthalmos, persistent fetal vasculature, coloboma, morning glory disc anomaly, retinopathy of prematurity, Coats disease), optic disc drusen, infective and inflammatory lesions (uveitis, toxocariasis, toxoplasmosis), and ocular neoplasms (retinoblastoma, retinal hamartoma, choroidal melanoma, choroidal nevus). This pictorial review provides a practical approach to the imaging work-up of these anomalies with a focus on ocular US as the first imaging modality and additional use of CT and/or MRI for the evaluation of intracranial abnormalities. The characteristic imaging features of the non-neoplastic mimics of retinoblastoma, such as persistent fetal vasculature and Coats disease, are also highlighted.
摘要：
眼眶病变可以大致分为眼部，眼外软组织（非肿瘤和肿瘤），骨，和创伤。在这个轨道系列的第一部分中，作者将讨论小儿眼部病变的鉴别诊断和主要影像学特征。这些包括先天性和发育性病变（小眼，无眼,持续的胎儿脉管系统，结肠瘤,牵牛花盘异常，早产儿视网膜病变,Coats疾病)，视盘玻璃疣,感染性和炎症性病变（葡萄膜炎，弓形虫病,弓形虫病)，和眼部肿瘤（视网膜母细胞瘤，视网膜错构瘤,脉络膜黑色素瘤,脉络膜痣）。本图片综述提供了一种实用的方法来对这些异常进行成像检查，重点是将眼US作为第一成像方式，并额外使用CT和/或MRI来评估颅内异常。视网膜母细胞瘤的非肿瘤性模拟物的特征性影像学特征，如持续性的胎儿脉管系统和Coats病，也突出了。
