Abstract：
Microplastics (MPs) composed of different polymers with various shapes, within a vast granulometric distribution (1 μm - 5 mm) and with a wide variety of physicochemical surface and bulk characteristics spiral around the globe, with different atmospheric, oceanic, cryospheric, and terrestrial residence times, while interacting with other pollutants and biota. The challenges of microplastic pollution are related to the complex relationships between the microplastic generation mechanisms (physical, chemical, and biological), their physicochemical properties, their interactions with other pollutants and microorganisms, the changes in their properties with aging, and their small sizes that facilitate their diffusion and transportation between the air, water, land, and biota, thereby promoting their ubiquity. Early career researchers (ERCs) constitute an essential part of the scientific community committed to overcoming the challenges of microplastic pollution with their new ideas and innovative scientific perspectives for the development of remediation technologies. However, because of the enormous amount of scientific information available, it may be difficult for ERCs to determine the complexity of this environmental issue. This mini-review aims to provide a quick and updated overview of the essential insights of microplastic pollution to ERCs to help them acquire the background needed to develop highly innovative physical, chemical, and biological remediation technologies, as well as valorization proposals and environmental education and awareness campaigns. Moreover, the recommendations for the development of holistic microplastic pollution remediation strategies presented here can help ERCs propose technologies considering the environmental, social, and practical dimensions of microplastic pollution while fulfilling the current government policies to manage this plastic waste.
摘要：
由各种形状的不同聚合物组成的微塑料，在广阔的粒度分布（1μm-5mm）内，并具有各种物理化学表面和体积特征，不同的大气，海洋，冰冻圈,和陆地停留时间，同时与其他污染物和生物群相互作用。微塑料污染的挑战与微塑料生成机制(物理，化学,和生物学)，它们的物理化学性质，它们与其他污染物和微生物的相互作用，它们的性能随着老化而变化，它们的小尺寸便于它们在空气之间的扩散和运输，水,土地,和生物群,从而促进他们的普遍性。早期职业研究人员（ERC）是科学界的重要组成部分，致力于克服微塑料污染的挑战，他们的新思路和创新的科学观点，以发展修复技术。然而,因为有大量的科学信息，ERC可能很难确定这个环境问题的复杂性。这个小型审查旨在提供对ERC微塑料污染的基本见解的快速和更新的概述，以帮助他们获得开发高度创新物理所需的背景，化学,和生物修复技术，以及估价建议和环境教育和宣传运动。此外，这里提出的关于开发整体微塑料污染修复策略的建议可以帮助ERC提出考虑环境的技术，社会,以及微塑料污染的实际尺寸，同时履行当前政府管理这些塑料废物的政策。
