Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Dry-eye disease (DED) is a chronic progressive ocular surface disorder with limited studies in the pediatric population. The Academy of Ophthalmology\'s IRIS® Registry was leveraged to investigate the prevalence of DED in the pediatric population (PDED, patients <18 years old) and the demographic differences of DED between pediatric and adult patients (ADED).
METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Patients with DED between January 1st, 2013 and December 31st, 2019 (N = 4,795,979) were included. Descriptive statistics, Pearson\'s chi-squared tests and two-sample proportions tests were conducted to compare key demographic distributions between the ADED and PDED cohorts.
RESULTS: The average age at onset for ADED patients was 61.06 (±14.75) years and for PDED patients was 12.51 (±3.86). The overall tests for independence and the individual tests of proportions of each category were statistically significant for all demographic characteristics (p < 0.001). Characteristics with the largest discrepancies between patients of PDED and the IRIS Registry pediatric patient pool (PIRIS) included female sex (58.08 % vs. 50.60 %), male sex (41.58 % vs. 48.78 %) and Asian race (6.02 % vs. 3.11 %) respectively. Within the PDED cohort, females were at higher risk of PDED (58 % vs. 42 %). PDED was more prevalent in children with refractive errors (76 %) and eyelid/conjunctival disorders (41 %). Characteristics with the largest discrepancies between PDED and ADED patients included female sex (58.08 % vs. 68.12 %), male sex (41.58 % vs. 31.55 %) and Caucasian race (50.24 % vs. 67.06 %) respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in the PDED cohort are demonstrated in this study. PDED was more prevalent in the female sex and Caucasian race compared to PIRIS and was more commonly associated with refractive errors and eyelid/conjunctival disorders.
METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Patients with DED between January 1st, 2013 and December 31st, 2019 (N = 4,795,979) were included. Descriptive statistics, Pearson\'s chi-squared tests and two-sample proportions tests were conducted to compare key demographic distributions between the ADED and PDED cohorts.
RESULTS: The average age at onset for ADED patients was 61.06 (±14.75) years and for PDED patients was 12.51 (±3.86). The overall tests for independence and the individual tests of proportions of each category were statistically significant for all demographic characteristics (p < 0.001). Characteristics with the largest discrepancies between patients of PDED and the IRIS Registry pediatric patient pool (PIRIS) included female sex (58.08 % vs. 50.60 %), male sex (41.58 % vs. 48.78 %) and Asian race (6.02 % vs. 3.11 %) respectively. Within the PDED cohort, females were at higher risk of PDED (58 % vs. 42 %). PDED was more prevalent in children with refractive errors (76 %) and eyelid/conjunctival disorders (41 %). Characteristics with the largest discrepancies between PDED and ADED patients included female sex (58.08 % vs. 68.12 %), male sex (41.58 % vs. 31.55 %) and Caucasian race (50.24 % vs. 67.06 %) respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in the PDED cohort are demonstrated in this study. PDED was more prevalent in the female sex and Caucasian race compared to PIRIS and was more commonly associated with refractive errors and eyelid/conjunctival disorders.
摘要：
目的：干眼症（DED）是一种慢性进行性眼表疾病，在儿科人群中的研究有限。眼科学院的IRIS®注册中心被用来调查DED在儿科人群中的患病率(PDED，患者<18岁）以及儿童和成人患者（ADED）之间DED的人口统计学差异。
方法：回顾性队列研究。DED患者在1月1日之间,2013年12月31日,包括2019年（N=4,795,979）。描述性统计，进行了Pearson卡方检验和双样本比例检验，以比较ADED和PDED队列之间的关键人口统计学分布。
结果：ADED患者的平均发病年龄为61.06（±14.75）岁，PDED患者的平均发病年龄为12.51（±3.86）岁。对于所有人口统计学特征，独立性的总体检验和每个类别比例的个体检验均具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。PDED患者与IRIS注册儿科患者池（PIRIS）之间差异最大的特征包括女性（58.08％vs.50.60%），男性（41.58%vs.48.78%）和亚洲种族（6.02%vs.3.11%)。在PDED队列中，女性患PDED的风险较高(58%vs.42%)。PDED在屈光不正（76％）和眼睑/结膜疾病（41％）的儿童中更为普遍。PDED和ADED患者之间差异最大的特征包括女性（58.08％vs.68.12%），男性（41.58%vs.31.55％）和高加索种族（50.24％vs.67.06%）分别。
结论：本研究证实了PDED队列中的显著差异。与PIRIS相比，PDED在女性和高加索种族中更为普遍，并且更常见于屈光不正和眼睑/结膜疾病。
方法：回顾性队列研究。DED患者在1月1日之间,2013年12月31日,包括2019年（N=4,795,979）。描述性统计，进行了Pearson卡方检验和双样本比例检验，以比较ADED和PDED队列之间的关键人口统计学分布。
结果：ADED患者的平均发病年龄为61.06（±14.75）岁，PDED患者的平均发病年龄为12.51（±3.86）岁。对于所有人口统计学特征，独立性的总体检验和每个类别比例的个体检验均具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。PDED患者与IRIS注册儿科患者池（PIRIS）之间差异最大的特征包括女性（58.08％vs.50.60%），男性（41.58%vs.48.78%）和亚洲种族（6.02%vs.3.11%)。在PDED队列中，女性患PDED的风险较高(58%vs.42%)。PDED在屈光不正（76％）和眼睑/结膜疾病（41％）的儿童中更为普遍。PDED和ADED患者之间差异最大的特征包括女性（58.08％vs.68.12%），男性（41.58%vs.31.55％）和高加索种族（50.24％vs.67.06%）分别。
结论：本研究证实了PDED队列中的显著差异。与PIRIS相比，PDED在女性和高加索种族中更为普遍，并且更常见于屈光不正和眼睑/结膜疾病。
