PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
We investigated (1) how nasal septal perforations (NSPs) modify nasal airflow and air-conditioning characteristics and (2) how the modifications of nasal airflow are influenced by the size and location of the NSP. Computed tomography scans of 14 subjects with NSPs were used to generate nasal cavity models. Virtual repair of NSPs was conducted to examine the sole effect of NSPs on airflow. The computational fluid dynamics technique was used to assess geometric and airflow parameters around the NSPs and in the nasopharynx. The net crossover airflow rate, the increased wall shear stress (WSS) and the surface water-vapor flux on the posterior surface of the NSPs were not correlated with the size of the perforation. After the virtual closure of the NSPs, the levels in relative humidity (RH), air temperature (AT) and nasal resistance did not improve significantly both in the choanae and nasopharynx. A geometric parameter associated with turbinate volume, the surface area-to-volume ratio (SAVR), was shown to be an important factor in the determination of the RH and AT, even in the presence of NSPs. The levels of RH and AT in the choanae and nasopharynx were more influenced by SAVR than the size and location of the NSPs.
摘要：
我们调查了（1）鼻中隔穿孔（NSP）如何改变鼻气流和空调特性，以及（2）鼻气流的改变如何受到NSP的大小和位置的影响。对14名具有NSP的受试者进行计算机断层扫描以生成鼻腔模型。进行NSP的虚拟修复以检查NSP对气流的唯一影响。计算流体动力学技术用于评估NSP周围和鼻咽中的几何和气流参数。净交叉气流速率，壁剪切应力（WSS）的增加和NSP后表面的表面水汽通量与穿孔的大小无关。在虚拟关闭NSP之后，相对湿度(RH)的水平，呼肠和鼻咽部的空气温度（AT）和鼻阻力均未明显改善。与鼻甲体积相关的几何参数，表面积-体积比(SAVR)，被证明是测定RH和AT的重要因素，即使在NSP存在的情况下。与NSP的大小和位置相比，SAVR对choanae和鼻咽中RH和AT的影响更大。
