To examine the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on appetite using a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials (CTs).
Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to January 2022. A random-effects model was used to compare the overall standardized mean difference in appetite scores between n-3 PUFAs supplemented and control individuals.
Fifteen eligible CTs with 1504 participants (872 for n-3 PUFA supplementation and 632 for placebo groups) were included in our systematic review. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference in overall appetite score between n-3 PUFAs supplemented and control groups (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.458, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 0.327, 1.242, P value = 0.25). However, the n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly increased the desire to eat (SMD = 1.07, 95% CI 0.116, 2.029, P = 0.02) compared to control.
Although we found no effect of omega-3 supplementation on overall appetite score, it modestly increases the desire to eat. Further CTs evaluating the effect of PUFAs on appetite are still needed to confirm these findings.
目的:使用对照临床试验(CT)的系统评价和荟萃分析,研究ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)对食欲的影响。
方法:在线数据库,包括PubMed、Scopus,ISIWebofScience,和谷歌学者被搜索到2022年1月。使用随机效应模型来比较补充n-3PUFA和对照个体之间的食欲评分的总体标准化平均差异。
结果:我们的系统评价包括15个符合条件的CTs和1504个参与者(补充n-3PUFA872个和安慰剂组632个)。荟萃分析显示,补充n-3PUFA的总食欲评分与对照组之间没有显着差异(标准化平均差[SMD]=0.458,95%置信区间[CI]-0.327,1.242,P值=0.25)。然而,与对照组相比,补充n-3PUFA显着增加了进食欲望(SMD=1.07,95%CI0.116,2.029,P=0.02)。
结论:尽管我们发现补充omega-3对总体食欲评分没有影响,它适度地增加了吃的欲望。仍需要进一步的CT评估PUFA对食欲的影响以证实这些发现。