Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To identify the neurological diseases for which euthanasia and assisted suicide are most frequently requested in the countries where these medical procedures are legal and the specific characteristics of euthanasia in some of these diseases, and to show the evolution of euthanasia figures.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review.
RESULTS: Dementia, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson\'s disease are the neurological diseases that most frequently motivate requests for euthanasia or assisted suicide. Requests related to dementia constitute the largest group, are growing, and raise additional ethical and legal issues due to these patients\' diminished decision-making capacity. In some countries, the ratios of euthanasia requests to all cases of multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, or Huntington disease are higher than for any other disease.
CONCLUSIONS: After cancer, neurological diseases are the most frequent reason for requesting euthanasia or assisted suicide.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review.
RESULTS: Dementia, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson\'s disease are the neurological diseases that most frequently motivate requests for euthanasia or assisted suicide. Requests related to dementia constitute the largest group, are growing, and raise additional ethical and legal issues due to these patients\' diminished decision-making capacity. In some countries, the ratios of euthanasia requests to all cases of multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, or Huntington disease are higher than for any other disease.
CONCLUSIONS: After cancer, neurological diseases are the most frequent reason for requesting euthanasia or assisted suicide.
摘要：
目的：确定在医疗程序合法的国家中，安乐死和协助自杀最常见的神经系统疾病，以及其中一些疾病中安乐死的具体特征，并显示安乐死的演变数字。
方法：我们进行了系统的文献综述。
结果：痴呆症，运动神经元病,多发性硬化症,和帕金森氏病是神经系统疾病，最常见的激发请求安乐死或协助自杀。与痴呆症相关的索赔构成了最大的群体，正在成长，并提出额外的道德和法律问题，由于这些患者的决策能力下降。在一些国家,安乐死要求与所有多发性硬化症病例的比率，运动神经元病,或亨廷顿病高于任何其他疾病。
结论：癌症后，神经系统疾病是请求安乐死或协助自杀的最常见原因。
方法：我们进行了系统的文献综述。
结果：痴呆症，运动神经元病,多发性硬化症,和帕金森氏病是神经系统疾病，最常见的激发请求安乐死或协助自杀。与痴呆症相关的索赔构成了最大的群体，正在成长，并提出额外的道德和法律问题，由于这些患者的决策能力下降。在一些国家,安乐死要求与所有多发性硬化症病例的比率，运动神经元病,或亨廷顿病高于任何其他疾病。
结论：癌症后，神经系统疾病是请求安乐死或协助自杀的最常见原因。
