Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Theory of mind (ToM) is the human ability to perceive, interpret, and attribute the mental states of other people, and the alteration of this cognitive function is a core symptom of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). In such other neurodevelopmental disorders as childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS) that can present with cognitive dysfunctions, ToM has been less extensively studied, especially in the young population. The aim of the study was to compare advanced ToM between groups of young people diagnosed with OCD, TS, or ASD and a control group.
METHODS: Clinical interviews were conducted with male patients aged between 11 and 17 years with a main diagnosis of OCD (n = 19), TS (n = 14), or ASD (n = 18), and a control group (n = 20). We administered instruments for estimating intelligence quotient and severity of psychiatric symptoms, and tasks to evaluate ToM (the \"Stories from everyday life\" task and the \"Reading the mind in the eyes\" test).
RESULTS: Young people with TS and with ASD present similar difficulties in solving advanced ToM tasks, whereas patients with childhood-onset OCD present similar results to controls.
CONCLUSIONS: ToM is altered in other neurodevelopmental disorders beyond ASD, such as TS.
METHODS: Clinical interviews were conducted with male patients aged between 11 and 17 years with a main diagnosis of OCD (n = 19), TS (n = 14), or ASD (n = 18), and a control group (n = 20). We administered instruments for estimating intelligence quotient and severity of psychiatric symptoms, and tasks to evaluate ToM (the \"Stories from everyday life\" task and the \"Reading the mind in the eyes\" test).
RESULTS: Young people with TS and with ASD present similar difficulties in solving advanced ToM tasks, whereas patients with childhood-onset OCD present similar results to controls.
CONCLUSIONS: ToM is altered in other neurodevelopmental disorders beyond ASD, such as TS.
摘要：
背景：心理理论（ToM）是人类感知的能力，解释,并归因于其他人的精神状态，这种认知功能的改变是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的核心症状。在其他神经发育障碍中，如儿童期发作的强迫症（OCD）和Tourette综合征（TS），可以表现为认知功能障碍，ToM的研究较少，尤其是在年轻人中。该研究的目的是比较被诊断患有强迫症的年轻人群体之间的高级ToM，TS,或ASD和对照组。
方法：对年龄在11至17岁之间，主要诊断为强迫症的男性患者进行临床访谈（n=19），TS（n=14），或ASD(n=18)，和对照组(n=20)。我们使用评估智商和精神症状严重程度的工具，以及评估ToM的任务（“日常生活中的故事”任务和“阅读眼睛中的心灵”测试）。
结果：患有TS和ASD的年轻人在解决高级ToM任务方面存在相似的困难，而儿童期发病的强迫症患者的结果与对照组相似。
结论：在ASD以外的其他神经发育障碍中，ToM发生改变，比如TS。
方法：对年龄在11至17岁之间，主要诊断为强迫症的男性患者进行临床访谈（n=19），TS（n=14），或ASD(n=18)，和对照组(n=20)。我们使用评估智商和精神症状严重程度的工具，以及评估ToM的任务（“日常生活中的故事”任务和“阅读眼睛中的心灵”测试）。
结果：患有TS和ASD的年轻人在解决高级ToM任务方面存在相似的困难，而儿童期发病的强迫症患者的结果与对照组相似。
结论：在ASD以外的其他神经发育障碍中，ToM发生改变，比如TS。
