PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Ligustrum vulgare (LV), widely cultivated in Europe and often used in hedges, has been historically recognized in folk medicine for its potential health benefits. This study focused on exploring the untargeted identification of secondary metabolites in ethanol extracts (70% v/v) from different morphological parts (young shoots, leaves, flowers and fruits) of LV at various stages of plant development, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Additionally, the selected biological activities (antioxidant activity, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition (COX-2), α-amylase inhibition and cytotoxicity) of the tested extracts were determined. Untargeted metabolomics showed that LV extracts were a rich source of phenylethanoid compounds, flavonoids, iridoids and their derivatives. The flowers of LV had the highest content of oleuropein (33.43 ± 2.48 mg/g d.w.). The lowest antioxidant activity was obtained for ripe and post-seasonal fruits, while in the case of other samples, the activity was at a similar level. All tested extracts showed α-amylase and COX-2 inhibitory activity. In addition, LV extracts showed strong antiproliferative properties in colorectal (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. The obtained results show the difference in the content of bioactive compounds in various morphological parts of Ligustrum vulgare. These differences may influence the multifaceted medicinal potential of this plant.
摘要：
女贞(LV),在欧洲广泛种植，常用于树篱，由于其潜在的健康益处，历史上一直在民间医学中得到认可。本研究的重点是探索不同形态部位（幼芽，叶子,植物发育各个阶段的LV的花和果实），使用超高效液相色谱与高分辨率质谱（UHPLC-HRMS）。此外,选定的生物活性(抗氧化活性，环氧合酶-2抑制（COX-2），确定了测试提取物的α-淀粉酶抑制和细胞毒性）。非靶向代谢组学表明，LV提取物是苯乙醇化合物的丰富来源，黄酮类化合物，环烯醚萜类及其衍生物。LV花的橄榄苦苷含量最高(33.43±2.48mg/gd.w.)。对于成熟和季节性后的水果，获得了最低的抗氧化活性，而在其他样本的情况下，活动处于类似水平。所有测试的提取物均显示出α-淀粉酶和COX-2抑制活性。此外,LV提取物在结直肠癌（HT29）和肝癌（HepG2）细胞系中显示出强的抗增殖特性。获得的结果表明，女贞子各个形态部位的生物活性化合物含量存在差异。这些差异可能会影响该植物的多方面药用潜力。
