Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is the most frequent and deadly cancer among women. In France, 50% of adults are currently overweight, mostly as a result of a sedentary lifestyle. Numerous studies have highlighted overweight, obesity and lack of physical activity as risk factors for the occurrence and prognosis of cancers, particularly breast cancer. The aim of this study was to understand the extent to which physical activity can improve this prognosis, and what the pathophysiology is.
METHODS: The Senology Commission of the Collège national des gynécologues et obstétriciens français (CNGOF) based its responses on an analysis of the international literature using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology conducted on the PubMed database between 1994 and 2023.
RESULTS: A total of 70 articles were selected, demonstrating the role of regular physical activity in reducing the risk of breast cancer occurrence and recurrence. This role in controlling carcinogenesis is mediated by metabolic factors such as leptin, adiponectin and insulin, sex hormones and inflammation. The signaling pathways deregulated by these molecules are known carcinogenic pathways which could be used as therapeutic targets adapted to this population, without replacing the essential hygienic-dietary recommendations.
CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity has a protective effect on breast cancer risk and prognosis. We must therefore continue to raise awareness in the general population and promote physical activity as a means of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
METHODS: The Senology Commission of the Collège national des gynécologues et obstétriciens français (CNGOF) based its responses on an analysis of the international literature using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology conducted on the PubMed database between 1994 and 2023.
RESULTS: A total of 70 articles were selected, demonstrating the role of regular physical activity in reducing the risk of breast cancer occurrence and recurrence. This role in controlling carcinogenesis is mediated by metabolic factors such as leptin, adiponectin and insulin, sex hormones and inflammation. The signaling pathways deregulated by these molecules are known carcinogenic pathways which could be used as therapeutic targets adapted to this population, without replacing the essential hygienic-dietary recommendations.
CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity has a protective effect on breast cancer risk and prognosis. We must therefore continue to raise awareness in the general population and promote physical activity as a means of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
摘要：
目的：乳腺癌是女性中最常见和最致命的癌症。在法国,50%的成年人目前超重，主要是由于久坐的生活方式。许多研究强调了超重，肥胖和缺乏体力活动是癌症发生和预后的危险因素，尤其是乳腺癌。这项研究的目的是了解体育锻炼可以改善这种预后的程度。以及病理生理学是什么。
方法：法国国家妇科和妇产科学院（CNGOF）的Senology委员会基于对国际文献的分析，使用了用于系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法，对国际文献进行了分析。1994年至2023年在PubMed数据库上进行了分析。
结果：共入选70篇，证明有规律的体育锻炼在降低乳腺癌发生和复发风险方面的作用。这种控制癌变的作用是由代谢因子介导的，如瘦素，脂联素和胰岛素，性激素和炎症。这些分子失调的信号通路是已知的致癌通路，可用作适应该人群的治疗靶标。没有取代基本的卫生饮食建议。
结论：体力活动对乳腺癌风险和预后有保护作用。因此，我们必须继续提高普通民众的认识，并促进体育活动作为主要手段，次要,三级预防。
方法：法国国家妇科和妇产科学院（CNGOF）的Senology委员会基于对国际文献的分析，使用了用于系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法，对国际文献进行了分析。1994年至2023年在PubMed数据库上进行了分析。
结果：共入选70篇，证明有规律的体育锻炼在降低乳腺癌发生和复发风险方面的作用。这种控制癌变的作用是由代谢因子介导的，如瘦素，脂联素和胰岛素，性激素和炎症。这些分子失调的信号通路是已知的致癌通路，可用作适应该人群的治疗靶标。没有取代基本的卫生饮食建议。
结论：体力活动对乳腺癌风险和预后有保护作用。因此，我们必须继续提高普通民众的认识，并促进体育活动作为主要手段，次要,三级预防。
