PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The present study investigated the potential of implicit physiological measures to provide objective measures of affective food experience in contrast to explicit self-report ratings in a cross-cultural context. Dutch and Thai participants viewed 120 food images portraying universal food image categories (regular and molded food) and cultural food image categories (typically Dutch and Thai food). The universal food images were taken as ground truth high and low valence stimuli, where we assumed no genuine difference in affective experience between nationalities. In contrast, for the cultural food images, we did expect a genuine difference between nationalities. Participants were asked to rate valence, arousal and liking of each food image. In addition, heart rate (HR) and phasic electrodermal activity (EDA) responses to the images were recorded. Typically Asian and Western response biases were found for explicit ratings of regular and molded food with an extreme response style for Dutch, and a middle response style for Thai participants. However, such bias was not observed in HR. For cultural food image categories, HR showed the hypothesized interaction between participant nationality and food image category, reflecting the expected genuine difference between nationalities in affective food experience. Besides presenting participants with images, we also asked participants to taste typically Thai and Dutch drinks. Similar to images, a significant interaction between participant nationality and cultural food category was found for HR. An interaction was also found for sip size, while this was not seen in explicit measures. We attribute this to differences in the moment that these measures were taken. In this study, phasic EDA did not appear to be a sensitive measure of affective food experience, possibly since stimuli mostly differed in valence rather than arousal. To conclude, our study constitutes an example where cultural bias negatively affected the accuracy of self-reports, and only the implicit physiological measures followed the prior expectations of genuine food experience, indicating the potential of these measures to study cross-cultural food experience.
摘要：
与跨文化背景下的明确自我报告评级相比，本研究调查了内隐生理措施提供客观情感食物体验的潜力。荷兰和泰国参与者观看了120个食物图像，描绘了通用食物图像类别（常规和模制食物）和文化食物图像类别（通常是荷兰和泰国食物）。普遍的食物图像被作为地面实况高和低价态刺激，在那里，我们假设不同民族之间的情感经验没有真正的差异。相比之下,对于文化食品图像，我们确实期望国籍之间存在真正的差异。参与者被要求对效价进行评分，唤醒和喜欢每个食物的形象。此外,记录心率（HR）和阶段性皮肤电活动（EDA）对图像的反应。通常，亚洲和西方的反应偏见被发现对常规和模制食品的明确评级，对荷兰人具有极端的反应风格，和泰国参与者的中间反应风格。然而,在HR中未观察到这种偏倚.对于文化食品形象类别，HR显示了参与者国籍和食物图像类别之间的假设相互作用，反映了民族在情感食物体验上的预期真正差异。除了向参与者展示图像外，我们还要求参与者品尝典型的泰国和荷兰饮料。类似于图像，对于HR,发现参与者国籍和文化食物类别之间存在显著的交互作用.还发现了sip大小的相互作用，虽然这在明确的措施中没有看到。我们将此归因于采取这些措施时的差异。在这项研究中,阶段性EDA似乎不是情感食物体验的敏感量度，可能是因为刺激大多在效价而不是唤醒上有所不同。最后，我们的研究构成了一个例子，文化偏见对自我报告的准确性产生了负面影响，只有隐含的生理测量遵循了先前对真正食物体验的期望，表明这些措施研究跨文化饮食体验的潜力。
