Abstract：
The female reproductive years are characterized by fluctuations in ovarian hormones across the menstrual cycle, which have the potential to modulate neurophysiological and behavioral dynamics. Menstrually-related mood disorders (MRMDs) comprise cognitive-affective or somatic symptoms that are thought to be triggered by the rapid fluctuations in ovarian hormones in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. MRMDs include premenstrual syndrome (PMS), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and premenstrual exacerbation (PME) of other psychiatric disorders. Electroencephalography (EEG) non-invasively records in vivo synchronous activity from populations of neurons with high temporal resolution. The present overview sought to systematically review the current state of task-related and resting-state EEG investigations on MRMDs. Preliminary evidence indicates lower alpha asymmetry at rest being associated with MRMDs, while one study points to the effect being luteal-phase specific. Moreover, higher luteal spontaneous frontal brain activity (slow/fast wave ratio as measured by the delta/beta power ratio) has been observed in persons with MRMDs, while sleep architecture results point to potential circadian rhythm disturbances. In this review, we discuss the quality of study designs as well as future perspectives and challenges of supplementing the diagnostic and scientific toolbox for MRMDs with EEG.
摘要：
女性生育期的特点是整个月经周期中卵巢激素的波动，具有调节神经生理和行为动力学的潜力。月经相关的情绪障碍（MRMD）包括认知情感或躯体症状，被认为是由月经周期黄体期卵巢激素的快速波动引发的。MRMD包括经前综合征（PMS），经前烦躁不安症（PMDD），以及其他精神疾病的经前恶化（PME）。脑电图（EEG）无创地记录了具有高时间分辨率的神经元群体的体内同步活动。本概述旨在系统地回顾MRMD的任务相关和静息状态EEG研究的当前状态。初步证据表明，静止时α不对称性较低与MRMD相关，而一项研究指出这种效应是黄体阶段特异性的。此外，在患有MRMDs的人中观察到更高的黄体自发额脑活动（通过δ/β功率比测量的慢/快波比），而睡眠结构结果表明潜在的昼夜节律紊乱。在这次审查中,我们讨论了研究设计的质量以及用EEG补充MRMD的诊断和科学工具箱的未来观点和挑战。
