Abstract：
Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics that accumulate in the environment. To assess human exposure through the food chain, we developed a pharmacokinetic model of fluoroquinolone accumulation in fish and a human pharmacokinetic model to predict gastrointestinal concentrations of ciprofloxacin, a common fluoroquinolone, following consumption of fish. At 70 ng/L ciprofloxacin, the average in North American surface waters, the fish steady-state concentration was calculated to be 7.5 × 10-6 µg/g. Upon human consumption of the FDA-recommended portion of 113 g of fish containing this ciprofloxacin level, the predicted human intestinal concentration was 2 × 10-6 µg/mL. At 4 × 106 ng/L (4 µg/mL) ciprofloxacin, the highest recorded environmental measurement, these numbers were 0.42 µg/g in fish and 0.1 µg/mL in the human intestine. Thus, based on the ciprofloxacin MIC for E. coli of 0.13 µg/mL, background environmental ciprofloxacin levels are unlikely to be problematic, but environmental pollution can result in high intestinal levels that may cause gut dysbiosis and antibiotic resistance.
摘要：
氟喹诺酮类药物是在环境中积累的广谱抗生素。为了评估人类通过食物链的暴露，我们开发了氟喹诺酮在鱼中积累的药代动力学模型和人体药代动力学模型来预测环丙沙星的胃肠道浓度。一种常见的氟喹诺酮,随着鱼的消费。在70ng/L环丙沙星，北美地表水的平均值，鱼的稳态浓度计算为7.5×10-6µg/g。当人类食用FDA推荐的含有这种环丙沙星水平的113克鱼时，预测的人体肠道浓度为2×10-6µg/mL。在4×106ng/L（4µg/mL）环丙沙星，记录最高的环境测量，这些数字在鱼中为0.42µg/g，在人体肠道中为0.1µg/mL。因此，基于环丙沙星对大肠杆菌的MIC为0.13µg/mL，背景环境环丙沙星水平不太可能有问题，但是环境污染会导致肠道高水平，可能导致肠道菌群失调和抗生素耐药性。
