Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the refractive outcome and strabismus at 5 years of age, in children operated for various types of non-syndromic craniosynostosis, and further analyse the refractive and strabismic development over time.
METHODS: Eighty-nine children, who had undergone operations for non-syndromic craniosynostosis, were examined at 5 years of age. These children also underwent ophthalmological examination preoperatively and up to 1 year after the operation. An age-matched control group including 32 healthy children was also recruited. Strabismus and eye motility were registered. Refraction was measured in cycloplegia.
RESULTS: There was a difference regarding the refractive outcome between the different types of craniosynostosis. Higher values of hypermetropia were found in the metopic craniosynostosis group on both eyes. In the unicoronal craniosynostosis group, high values of hypermetropia and a higher degree of astigmatism were found on the side contralateral to the craniosynostosis. Strabismus was found in 11/88 children of whom 10/11 had unicoronal craniosynostosis. A vertical deviation on the side ipsilateral to the fused suture was highly prevalent (6/10 cases). Ophthalmological dysfunctions were rare in children operated for sagittal craniosynostosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Ocular manifestations such as strabismus, astigmatism and anisometropia were highly prevalent in children operated for unilateral coronal craniosynostosis. Children operated for metopic craniosynostosis had higher rates of hypermetropia. The screening and follow-up protocols need to be tailored with regard to the type of craniosynostosis.
METHODS: Eighty-nine children, who had undergone operations for non-syndromic craniosynostosis, were examined at 5 years of age. These children also underwent ophthalmological examination preoperatively and up to 1 year after the operation. An age-matched control group including 32 healthy children was also recruited. Strabismus and eye motility were registered. Refraction was measured in cycloplegia.
RESULTS: There was a difference regarding the refractive outcome between the different types of craniosynostosis. Higher values of hypermetropia were found in the metopic craniosynostosis group on both eyes. In the unicoronal craniosynostosis group, high values of hypermetropia and a higher degree of astigmatism were found on the side contralateral to the craniosynostosis. Strabismus was found in 11/88 children of whom 10/11 had unicoronal craniosynostosis. A vertical deviation on the side ipsilateral to the fused suture was highly prevalent (6/10 cases). Ophthalmological dysfunctions were rare in children operated for sagittal craniosynostosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Ocular manifestations such as strabismus, astigmatism and anisometropia were highly prevalent in children operated for unilateral coronal craniosynostosis. Children operated for metopic craniosynostosis had higher rates of hypermetropia. The screening and follow-up protocols need to be tailored with regard to the type of craniosynostosis.
摘要：
目的：评估5岁时的屈光转归和斜视，在接受各种类型的非综合征性颅骨融合手术的儿童中，并进一步分析屈光和斜视随时间的发展。
方法：八十九名儿童，他接受了非综合征性颅骨融合手术，在5岁时进行检查。这些儿童还在术前和术后1年内接受了眼科检查。还招募了一个年龄匹配的对照组，包括32名健康儿童。记录斜视和眼睛运动。在睫状肌麻痹中测量屈光度。
结果：不同类型的颅骨滑脱症的屈光结果存在差异。在双眼的异位颅骨融合组中发现了更高的远视值。在单冠状颅骨融合组中，在与颅骨融合对侧发现了较高的远视值和较高程度的散光。在11/88名儿童中发现了斜视，其中10/11患有单冠状颅骨融合。融合缝合线同侧的垂直偏差非常普遍（6/10例）。在接受矢状位颅骨融合手术的儿童中，眼科功能障碍很少见。
结论：眼睛表现，如斜视，散光和屈光参差在单侧冠状颅骨融合手术的儿童中非常普遍。手术治疗的儿童远视发生率较高。筛查和随访方案需要根据颅骨融合的类型进行调整。
方法：八十九名儿童，他接受了非综合征性颅骨融合手术，在5岁时进行检查。这些儿童还在术前和术后1年内接受了眼科检查。还招募了一个年龄匹配的对照组，包括32名健康儿童。记录斜视和眼睛运动。在睫状肌麻痹中测量屈光度。
结果：不同类型的颅骨滑脱症的屈光结果存在差异。在双眼的异位颅骨融合组中发现了更高的远视值。在单冠状颅骨融合组中，在与颅骨融合对侧发现了较高的远视值和较高程度的散光。在11/88名儿童中发现了斜视，其中10/11患有单冠状颅骨融合。融合缝合线同侧的垂直偏差非常普遍（6/10例）。在接受矢状位颅骨融合手术的儿童中，眼科功能障碍很少见。
结论：眼睛表现，如斜视，散光和屈光参差在单侧冠状颅骨融合手术的儿童中非常普遍。手术治疗的儿童远视发生率较高。筛查和随访方案需要根据颅骨融合的类型进行调整。
