Abstract：
CNVs, which are a type of structural variation, make a substantial impact on diverse characteristics in multiple species. Q-PCR and data association analysis were used for STAT5A gene copy in this study. This study aimed to investigate the copy number variation (CNV) of the STAT5A gene in seven Chinese cattle breeds, namely Qinchuan cattle, Xianan cattle, Yunling cattle, Ji\'an cattle, Jiaxian Red cattle, Qaidam cattle, and Guyuan yellow cattle. Blood samples were collected for CNV typing, and the correlation between CNV type and growth traits was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 software and ANOVA. The findings revealed variations in the distribution of different copy number types among the different cattle breeds. Furthermore, association analysis demonstrated a positive impact of CNV in the STAT5A gene on cattle growth: in the JX, individuals with duplication types exhibited superior performance in terms of rump length (P < 0.05). Conversely, normal GY cattle demonstrated better body height and abdomen circumference (P < 0.05), while QD cattle exhibited a significant correlation between weight and body length with normal individuals (P < 0.05). Moreover, QC bovine duplication individuals outperformed other types, with copy number variation significantly associated with chest depth, chest width, and body length (P < 0.05). The results validate the correlation between copy number variation (CNV) of the STAT5A gene and growth characteristics in five different cattle breeds, providing a reliable benchmark for the purpose of cattle breeding.
摘要：
CNVs,这是一种结构变化，对多个物种的不同特征产生重大影响。本研究采用Q-PCR和数据关联分析对STAT5A基因拷贝进行分析。本研究旨在调查7个中国牛品种STAT5A基因的拷贝数变异(CNV),即秦川牛,仙安牛,云岭牛,吉安牛，嘉县红牛,柴达木牛,和固原黄牛。收集血样进行CNV分型,用SPSS23.0软件和方差分析分析CNV型与生长性状的相关性。研究结果表明，不同牛种之间不同拷贝数类型的分布存在差异。此外，关联分析表明STAT5A基因中CNV对牛生长的积极影响：在JX中，重复类型的个体在臀部长度方面表现优异（P<0.05）。相反，正常GY牛表现出更好的身高和腹围（P<0.05），而QD牛与正常个体的体重和体长之间表现出显着相关性（P<0.05）。此外，QC牛复制个体的表现优于其他类型，拷贝数变化与胸部深度显着相关，胸部宽度,体长(P<0.05)。结果验证了STAT5A基因拷贝数变异(CNV)与5个不同牛种生长特性的相关性,为养牛提供可靠的基准。
